1. Properties of Matter

2. Properties of Matter All matter has 2 types of properties:
1.) Physical properties
2.) Chemical properties.

3. Physical properties
A physical property is a characteristic of matter that can be observed without changing the matter’s identity
You can see it without changing what you’re looking at into something else
Can be qualitative or quantitative

4. Examples of Physical Properties
Mass
Heat (thermal) conductivity
Volume
Electrical conductivity
Density
Color
Solubility
Size
Shape
Melting and Boiling Point
Viscosity
Ductility
Hardness
Malleability
Odor
Taste
State of matter
Texture
Luster (shine)
Flexibility

5. Thermal/electrical Conductivity
State
Density
the rate at which a substance transfers heat or electricity
the physical form in which a substance exists (solid, liquid, or gas)
mass per unit volume of a substance
Ductility
Solubility
Malleability
the ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire
the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance
ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets
Viscosity
Luster
Melting/boiling point
the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow; “gooeyness”
the measure of shininess
the temperature at which a substance starts to melt or boil

6. Reminder g kg mL L cm3 Mass Volume
The two most important physical properties of matter are mass and volume
Mass
Units
Instrument used
the amount of living and nonliving material that makes up an object g kg
balance
Volume
Units
Instrument used
the amount of space an object takes up mL L
cm3
graduated cylinder
ruler/meterstick
(l×w×h)

7. Physical properties
List as many physical properties as you can for this item

8. Extensive vs Intensive
Physical Properties can be further broken down into either:
Intensive or Extensive Properties
Extensive: physical properties that do change when the amount/size of an object changes
Example: length, mass, volume, etc.
Intensive: physical properties that do not change when the amount/size of an object changes
Example: density, color, hardness, boiling point, etc.

9. Properties of Matter REMINDER: All matter has 2 types of properties:
1.) Physical properties
2.) Chemical properties.

10. Chemical properties
A Chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that can only be observed by changing it into a different substance
Describes its "potential" to undergo some chemical change or reaction based on its composition

11. Chemical properties - Examples
Examples of chemical properties include:
Flammability
The ability to burn
Instability
Ability to tarnish
Ability to rust
Ability to decompose
Etc.
Reactivity
Ability to react with other chemicals pH
Ability to do acid/base reactions

12. Reactivity
Flammability
Corrosiveness
ability of the substance to combine chemically with other substances
ability of the substance to burn
ability of a substance to destroy and damage other substances with which it comes into contact
Instability pH
Rusting
the ability of a substance to change under normal environmental conditions
the measure of the acidity of a substance
ability to oxidize with water; type of instability

13. Chemical Property Labels
Flammable
Health
Reactivity
Special hazard

14. Chemical properties
List as many chemical properties as you can for this item.

15. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
Titanium is very strong and doesn’t rust, so it is often used in jet engines.
Titanium is also nonallergenic. This, combined with the fact that it is rust proof makes it great for artificial joints as well as piercings.

16. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
Tungsten is usually used as the filament in lightbulbs because it has the highest melting point of any metal.
It glows red hot when electricity runs through it, and it gives off both heat and light.

17. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
Vanadium is heavier and harder than titanium, so mixing a tiny bit of vanadium with steel can make cheap tools that are still very strong.

18. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
Helium is almost completely nonreactive (inert).
It is lighter than air, so it’s great for floating balloons (or making funny voices.)
When electricity runs through helium, it glows a creamy pale peach color.

19. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
In 1943, all US pennies were made of zinc plated steel because copper was being used in the war. The pennies had to be coated with zinc because steel will rust, but zinc won’t.

20. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
Sulfur smells awful. Rotten eggs, onions, and garlic all have sulfur in them. Stink bombs use sulfur to create a bad smell.
Sulfur is also flammable, and it is one of the 3 main ingredients in gun powder.

21. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
Chromium is famous for its intense luster. Chrome plated tools, jewlery, silverware, or car parts are very popular.

22. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
Most bullets are made of lead because lead is a very dense metal. These bullets are required, by international law, to be coated with a different metal because lead has such a low melting point and is so malleable.

23. Chemical and physical properties – So what?
The most dense elements are Iridium and osmium which have a density of about 22.6 g/cm3