1. The Facts:

2. Presidents
Union-
Abraham Lincoln
Confederate
Jefferson Davis

3. Union’s “Anaconda Plan”
1) Surround South by land and sea to cut off trade
2) Divide Confederacy into 2 so one side can’t help the other
3) Capture Richmond (the cap.) and destroy their gov’t

4. Top Generals: Union:
Ulysses S. Grant

5. George McClellan

6. William Tecumseh Sherman (McGarry’s fav)

7. George Meade

8. Joshua Chamberlain

9. The Confederate Generals:
General Robert E. Lee

10. Pierre Gustave Toutant PGT Beauregard

11. “Stonewall” Jackson

12. James Ewell Brown JEB Stuart

13. James Longstreet

14. 1st Battle Battle of Bull Run: 1st major land battle
Where ‘Stonewall’ Jackson got his nickname
1st Union upset
Showed Union will be a long war!

15. Roles of Women: Ran farms and businesses Worked in factories Nurses
Teachers
Government workers
Military jobs (messengers, guides, scouts, smugglers, soldiers and spies)

16. Famous women: Rose Greenhow: Spy for the Confederates
Dorothea Dix: Director of Union army’s nursing service
Clara Barton: Battlefield nurse, founded American Red Cross

17. Antietam: Lee vs McClellan (….only good thing he did)
Bloodiest day of the war! (Bloodiest day in all of American history…to this point)
No clear victory

18. New Realities Improved weapons made killing easier
Rifles, Improved cannons
No improvement on medical care
More soldiers died of disease than in battle!!!

19. Emancipation Proclamation
Declared slaves in all Confederate states to be free

20. Gettysburg Meade vs Lee Union victory Lee's 2nd invasion of the North.
JULY 1-3, 1863
Meade vs Lee
Union victory
Lee's 2nd invasion of the North.
More than 50,000 men fell as casualties
Bloodiest battle of the war
“High water mark for the Confederacy”

21. Opposition to war
Problems:
Opposition to war -“Copperheads”- northern Democrats who were more interested in peace than saving union or ending slavery)
Soldiers getting attacked (Habeas corpus suspended) gives a person the right to trial before being jailed
Draft riots

22. Gettysburg Address
“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”
Abraham Lincoln November 19, 1863

23. Technology Railroads to move troops
Telegraphs to communicate to distant armies
Recorded in photos
First use of ironclads in battle

24. Merrimac and Monitor Ironclads: ships covered in iron
Merrimac (Virginia)- Confederates
Monitor- Union
Fought in battle against each other. Both unharmed

25. Siege at Vicksburg On a hill on Miss. River
Easy to defend, tough to capture
Union needed it to control
Bombarded by land and sea
Starved them into surrendering
Divided Confederacy in half

26. Massachusetts 54th Robert Gould Shaw…1,000 black regiment
Paid less, but protested. Granted equal pay
Sent to help fight at Ft Wagner
Won widespread respect
Movie GLORY based on this regiment

27. Total War War on enemy’s will to fight and ability to support army
Grant wanted to take them down mentally and physically
1864- Lincoln re-elected

28. Sherman’s March to the Sea
Started in Atlanta, ended in Savannah, turned north, finished in Raleigh, NC- destroyed everything in their way

29. The End
Grant’s army surrounded Richmond and finally broke through lines to march to take the city
Lee had no choice but to meet with Grant
Formal surrender happened at Appomatox Courthouse (April 9, 1865)