1. METALS (Categories and Types)
Year 8 Metal
METALS (Categories and Types)
Ferrous metals contain iron. Examples are cast iron, mild steel, medium carbon steel, high carbon steel, stainless steel and high speed steel. The ferrous metals listed below are all alloys.
Non-ferrous metals do not contain iron. Some common non-ferrous metals are aluminium, Duralumin, copper, zinc, brass, gilding metal and tin.
Name and Melting Point
Properties
Main Uses
Which Metals is it made up from
Cast iron 1200°C
Hard skin, softer underneath, but brittle, corrodes by rusting
Parts with complex shapes which can be made by casting
Aluminium 660°C
Pure aluminium
Good strength-to-weight ratio, light, soft, ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity
Kitchen equipment, window frames, general cast components
Mild steel 1600°C
Tough, ductile, malleable, good tensile strength, poor resistance to corrosion
General purpose engineering material
Copper 1080°C
Pure copper
Malleable and ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity, resistant to corrosion
Water pipes, electrical wire, decorative goods
High carbon steel 1800°C
Even harder than medium carbon steel and more brittle, can be heat-treated to make it harder and tougher
Cutting tools, ball bearings
Brass °C
Alloy
Resistant to corrosion, fairly hard, good conductor of heat and electricity
Ornaments, cast items such as water taps
Stainless steel 1400°C
Hard and tough, resistant to wear and corrosion
Cutlery, kitchen equipment
Tin 230°C
Pure tin
Soft, weak, malleable, ductile and resistant to corrosion
Usually used for coating steel to form tin-plate, soft solder

2. Tool Use Tool Use Tool Use
SCRIBER
Used to scratch and mark out lines in metal products
ENGINEERS SQUARE
Used to mark out right angled lines in metal products
ODD LEG CALIPERS
Used to mark parallel lines across the edges of metal products
DIVIDERS
Used to mark a circle on metal products
Tool
Use
CENTRE PUNCH
Used to mark a indentation in the centre of where whole needs to be drilled
HAMMER
Used to help shape and bend metal using strikes of the metal head of the hammer
HACKSAW
Full sized hacksaw used to cut through thick metal
JUNIOR HACKSAW
Smaller sized hacksaw used for cutting though thinner metal, creates a thinner cut
Tool
Use
PILLAR DRILL
Used to drill vertical hole in different materials including metal
BLOW TORCH
Used to heat up metal before it is brazed
METAL FILES
Used to help shape metal and to prepare metal surfaces for brazing