1. 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week and FARA General Assembly
FINALS OF THE 3rd AFRICA-WIDE WOMEN AND YOUNG PROFESSIONALS IN SCIENCE COMPETITIONS July 2013
6th Africa Agriculture Science Week and FARA General Assembly
Accra, Ghana
QTL mapping for resistance to race Ug99 and identification of stem rust resistance genes in Ethiopian durum wheat varieties
Jemanesh Haile, Ayele Badebo, Miloudi Nachit and Marion Roder

2. Outline 1. Introduction 2. QTL mapping for resistance to race Ug99
Identification of stem rust resistance genes
Conclusions and potential impact
Dissemination strategies e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

3. Introduction Wheat World's major crop Ethiopia:
Second largest producer of
wheat in sub-Saharan Africa
Third most grown crop
World’s secondary centres
of diversity
Low productivity: < 2 t/ha e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

4. Introduction cont‘d Stem Rust Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt)
Why is stem rust important?
70% yield loss
Race Ug99
What is Ug99?
Sr31
High virulence diversity and
evolution rate e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

5. Ug99 race group is now in 11 countries
Potential area under the risk from Ug99:
50 million ha of wheat
1 billion people will be
affected
117 million tons
production loss
(ca. 19% world’s
production)
• Value US$16.4 billion
(using US$140/t)

6. 1. QTL mapping of resistance to Ug99 race of Puccinia graminis f. sp
1. QTL mapping of resistance to Ug99 race of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici
Objective: Identification of QTL regions conferring resistance to race Ug99 e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

7. Plant materials: 95 RILs - F8 Parents: ‘Kristal’ × ‘Sebatel’ - ICARDA
Material and Methods
Plant materials: 95 RILs - F8
Parents: ‘Kristal’ × ‘Sebatel’ - ICARDA
Experimental sites: Debre-Zeit and Denbi, Ethiopia between e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

8. Material and Methods cont‘d
Genotyping:
Genomic DNA
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Amplifications of markers
Fragment detection
Genetic map construction:
209 SSR markers
Mapmaker v 2.0
QTL analysis:
CIM options of QTL Cartographer v 2.5
QSr.ipk (International Rules of Genetic Nomenclature) e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

9. Results of QTL Analysis
Kaur et al
R2 = 6.0
Sr2
Xcfa2193
R2 = 5.0
XBF485004
XBE423242
Sr35
Xcfa2076
Xcfa2170
Xgwm480
QTL for resistance to stem rust
Markers linked with reported major Sr genes
Approximate position of centromere 10 e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

10. Results of QTL analysis cont‘d
Xwmc580
Xdupw167
Xbarc104
Sr13
Xcfa2123
Xbarc121
Sr22
R2 = 5.4
R2 = 5.1
R2 = 9.3
R2 = 7.3
R2 = 12.6
QTL for resistance to stem rust
Markers linked with reported major Sr genes
Approximate position of centromere 10 e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

11. New QTL for Ug99 race resistance in durum wheat
Summary
Nine QTL regions confer resistance to Ug99 race were identified.
QTL on 1AL (QSr.ipk-1A), 2AS (QSr.ipk-2A), 4BL (QSr.ipk-4B), 7A (QSr.ipk-7A.1) and 7BL (QSr.ipk-7B) have not been previously detected.
New QTL for Ug99 race resistance in durum wheat
Two QTL co-localized with chromosomal regions harboring known Sr genes
Sr2 (QSr.ipk-3B), Sr22 (QSr.ipk-7A.2) e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

12. 2. Haplotype analysis of molecular markers linked to stem rust resistance genes
Objective: Identification of stem rust resistance genes in Ethiopian durum wheat varieties e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

13. Material and Methods Plant materials: 22 Ethiopia 4 ICARDA
26 Durum wheat varieties:
22 Ethiopia
4 ICARDA e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

14. Material and Methods Cont’d
Marker analyses:
17 PCR markers
Sr2, Sr13, Sr22 and Sr35
Check lines: Sr2 – Kingbird
Sr13 – W2691SR13
Sr22 – SWSR22TB
Sr35 – W3763-SR35
Data analysis:
Haplotypes sorted - size of fragments
Compare to check lines e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

15. Results of Haplotype Analysis
Sr2
Variety
GWM533
BARC133
KINGBIRD
120
122
Sebatel
Hitosa e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

16. Results of Haplotype Analysis cont‘d
Sr13
Variety
BE403950
DUPW167
BARC104b
WMC580
BARC104c
W2691SR13
691
243
273
316
175
Sebatel
Quamy
Boohai
177
Cocorit-71
290
Cham-1 e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

17. Sr22 Sr35 – no variety Results of Haplotype Analysis cont‘d Variety
CFA2019
CFA2123
WMC633
BARC121
SWSR22TB
168
234
119
170
Sebatel
249
223
228
Boohai
259
233
238
Mamouri
240
JennahKhetifa
253
227
Sr35 – no variety e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

18. only a limited number of Sr genes with diagnostic markers.
Summary
Resistance against Ug99 in ‘Sebatel‘ might be due to the combination of Sr2 and Sr22.
It is likely that the tested varieties also had resistant genes which were not detected.
only a limited number of Sr genes with diagnostic markers. e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

19. Conclusions and Potential Impact
Markers closely linked to the QTL could be used for MAS for resistance to race Ug99.
`Sebatel` could be used as a donor variety.
The durum wheat varieties released in Ethiopia do not carry diverse Sr genes.
Need to broaden the genetic base of the varieties. e
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research

20. Dissemination Strategies
International Journals
Haile et al. (2012) Mol. Breed. 30:
Haile et al. (2013) Genet Resour Crop Evol. 60:
Posters
8th Internationâl Wheat Conference - Russia
10th Sequence-informed Crop Research Conference – Germany
2011 Field Crop Rust Symposium – USA
2012 Borlaug Global Rust Imitative Workshop – China
Presentations
6th Plant Science Student Conference – Germany
2011 International wheat pathology training – Mexico
2013 National Wheat Review - Ethiopia
Newsletters
Ann. Wheat Newsl. 57:12-15
Ann. Wheat Newsl. 58:68-71

21. Thanks for your attention!
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CTA, FARA, IFS, ANAFE, RUFORUM, NPCA, AGRA EIAR, ICARDA, IPK, Kassel University, German Academic Exchange Service
Thanks for your attention!
DAAD

22. It is not just about productivity and economics,
it is now
an issue of world food security