1. The circulatory system- main
Goal is to get dissolved
Nutrients , gasses and waste
In and out of body cells.

2. The heart – muscular, 4
Chambered pump.

4. The top 2 chambers of the
Heart are the atria (atrium)
They receive blood
Right Atrium receives deoxygenated
Blood from body
Left atrium receives oxygenated
Blood from lungs

5. Left atrium
RIGHT ATRIUM

6. Deoxygenated blood enters the
Heart through a HUGE vein
The Vena Cava into right atrium

7. The bottom chambers of the Heart are the pumping Ventricles.
Right ventricle pumps blood
To the lungs to get Oxygen
Left Ventricle – pumps
Oxygenated blood to the
Whole body -

8. Left Ventricle
RIGHT ventricle

9. Oxygenated blood leaves
The left ventricle through
A massive artery the aorta.

10. AORTA

11. Please sketch these basic 4
Chambers of the heart.
Right
Atrium
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle

12. Actual
Human
Heart
(Ahhhhhh)

13. Valves are structures that
Prevent the backflow of
Blood between chambers.

14. VALVE

15. Valves

17. Heart

18. The heart is a hard working
Muscle so it also needs lots of
Blood – this blood is supplied
Through the coronary blood
Vessels.

19. If the coronary blood vessels
Become blocked a _________
May result and bypass surgery
Will be necessary.

20. Path of blood flow through heart
Deoxy. Blood enters R. atriunm
Through vena cava – R. ventricle
Pumps it to lungs – returns with
Oxygen to L. atrium and L. vent.
Pumps Oxygenated blood to body
Through aorta

21. Arteries – carry blood away
From the heart, usually it
Is oxygenated. Thick walled
And muscular.

22. Veins – carry blood back to The heart – usually de oxy-
-genated. Thin walled, have
Valves to prevent backflow.
               

23. Varicose
Veins
Causes –
Bad valves
In veins,
Weight,
Job

24. Capillaries – Tiny blood vess-
- els That are the site for
Exchange with the cells.

25. Blood consists of a fluid
Called plasma, which
Contains red & white blood
Cells and platelets.

26. Materials are exchanged with
The body cells through
Capillaries by the process
Of ______________ ?????

28. Red blood cells (rbc’s)
– transport
Materials to and from the
Bodies cells.(Gasses, waste
And nutrients).

29. Red Blood cells contain a red
Pigment = hemoglobin to help
Carry oxygen

30. Rbc’s – take oxygen and
Nutrients in to cells and CO2
And wastes out.
They are produced in bone
Marrow.
           

31. White blood cells – many Different types, basic job is
To fight off foreign substanc-
-es in the blood.

32. Lymphocytes type of WBC’s
includes B cells
Which release antibodies
And T cells which directly
Fight foreign substances at
The site of infection.

33. Platelets – small cell frag-
-ments that clot the blood.

34. Actual platlets clotting real
Human blood (oooohhhh)

35. Lack of platelets is ___?___
Hemophelia – most
Hemopheliacs die of???

36. Antigen – any substance
In your blood (bad thing)
That causes antibody
Production – this is known
As the immune response

37. Immunity – bodies ability to
Resist a specific disease.
Active immunity – occurs
When you get the disease
Produce antibodies, protected
For life. Ex. = chicken pox

38. Vaccine – you are injected
With a small amount of the
Disease and the body
Produces antibodies.
Passive immunity – receive
Antibodies from anothers
Blood. Temporary. Ex.=
Snake bite serum from horse

39. Allergies – exposure to a
Substance causes immune
Response such as sneezing
Coughing, watery eyes etc.
Histamine = substance that
The body releases which
Causes the allergic response
Of sneezing etc.

41. White cells are produced in Bone marrow and lymph Nodes.
                                                                 

42. Intracellular fluid = ICF –
All body cells are surrounded
By a fluid which comes from
Extra plasma called ICF.
Diffusion of materials to the
Cells occurs through ICF.

43. ICF is drained and “cleaned”
By the lymph nodes and
Lymphatic system.
Lymph nodes- phagocytotic
White blood cells filter the
Lymph or ICF and clean out
Bacteria and dead cells.

44. Lymph
Nodes

45. Disorders
Coronary thrombosis = heart
Attack – blocked coronary
Arteries.
High blood pressure or hyper
-tension – most common
Disorder, can lead to anurism

46. Causes fatigue, iron in the Diet will help. Leukemia – abnormal white
Anemia – lack of RBC’s
Causes fatigue, iron in the
Diet will help.
Leukemia – abnormal white
Blood cells.
HIV / AIDS – breakdown of the
Immune system.attacks WBC’s
And their disease fighting ability

47. Sickle Cell anemia – red blood
Cells are misshapen – like the
Grim reapers sickle.
RBC’s – cant move through
Blood vessels properly – great
Pain – even can cause death.

48. Blood Pressure – the force
With which blood presses
Against the artery walls.
120/80 is ok for adult men
Women are lower due to
Estrogen which makes
Blood vessels more elastic.