1. Dawn of the Industrial Age

2. A Turning Point in History
In 1750, most people
Worked the land using handmade tools
Lived in simple homes using firelight & candles
Made their own clothes
Grew their own food
Industrial Revolution- Long, slow process in which production shifted from simple hand-tools to complex machines
Made possible by
A second agricultural revolution
Population explosion
Development of new technology

3. The New Industrial Age
Travelers moved rapidly between countries by train or steamship
New inventions & scientific firsts:
Anesthetic- prevents pain during surgery
Sewing machine
Speed of light measured

4. Agricultural Revolution
New methods of farming (Dutch)
built dikes to reclaim land from the sea.
combined smaller fields into larger ones.
used fertilizer from livestock to renew the soil.
British farmers expanded on Dutch experiments. They:
mixed different kinds of soils to get higher crop yields.
tried new methods of crop rotation.
grew turnips, which restored exhausted soil.
invented the seed drill (to aid farmers, planted seeds in rows)

5. Enclosure Movement
Enclosure- The process of taking over and fencing off land formerly shared by peasant farmers
Rich landowners wanted to create larger fields that could be cultivated more efficiently
Output & profits increase
But many laborers & small farmers
forced out of work

6. Population Explosion
Britain’s population soared from 5 million to 9 million from
European population as a whole went from 120 million- 190 million
Such growth had never been seen before
Due to declining death rates
Ag. Rev. reduced famine  people were healthier, had more children

7. New Technology Energy Revolution Improved Iron
People began to find new sources of energy
Water mills & wind mills
Coal  Steam Engine powered by coal
Improved Iron
Coal vital for production of iron
New method for producing iron: smelt- separate the iron from its ore & remove impurities
Led to better quality & less expensive iron

8. New Invention Assignment
Choose ANY invention from the Industrial Revolution. On a white sheet of paper, you will tell me:
Invention Name & Inventor
Description (paragraph)
Impact (paragraph)
Connection to Today (paragraph)
Colored picture of the invention
You can use your book (pg. 496) or notes. You may have to do additional research on your own.
Due Wednesday. You have class time today & tomorrow to work on this.