1. How do problems vary between urban and rural areas?

2. Managing Rural Change
A – Evaluate the successfulness of rural management strategies
B – Compare the effectiveness of rural and urban management
C – Explain how rural areas can be managed

3. What are the challenges?
Economy
Services
Affordable housing
What are the challenges?
Evaluate the six challenges. Which do you think presents the greatest difficulty?
Infrastructure
Protection of heritage
Conservation of the environment

4. What can you remember about?

5. Managing change in rural communities
In 2012 the national government established 14 Rural and Farming Networks in England (e.g. Farming Foods and Rural Network East) to identify and give opinions on local issues and concerns.
The networks brought together people from rural communities, rural businesses, and food and farming industries.
What type of approach is this?
Bottom- up approach

6. Management and investment in rural areas Cornwall & Breckland
Using the information provided find out about the two examples of rural management.
1 – What has been done?
2 - Who has been involved?
3 - Why has it been done
4 – Has it worked?

7. Plenary: What is successful management?
Pick 5 from list, rank them 1 to 5 and justify your top choice
Considers everyone's view
Focuses on a solution but does affect the environment
Is expensive
Is cheap
Is sustainable but less effective as a result
Is government led
Makes services more available
Has a limited short term, but a big long term impact
Solves issues in the short term

8. A final word...
It is difficult to measure the success of strategies to solve cultural and demographic issues in UK urban or rural places.
Different groups of people (stakeholders) will have different priorities and so weighing of these indicators will vary, even in the same place.
As shown by the case studies, rural and urban places are diverse, and although there may be some similar concerns (e.g. crime rates in urban areas, few young adults in rural areas), each stakeholder group desires different improvements.

9. Assessing the strategies… The difficulties

10. Population growth
Level of private investment
Increase in job opportunities
Declining crim levels
Increase in higher- paid jobs
More cultural events
Increase in educational attainment
Better Happiness Indices
Lower deprivation (IMD)
Better quality of Life indices
Increased retail sales
Better appearance of built environment
Increase in number of services
More public investment
Increase in property values
Increased community involvement
Increase in affordable housing supply
Improved connectivity (transport and internet)
Declining pollution levels

11. EQ1 – Population Structures
EQ2 - Perspectives
EQ3 – Problems
EQ4 - Management
UK population patterns – Tower Hamlets v East Devon
North East England
Views on industrialisation - Britain in the 1800’s vs China vs Nigeria.
Impact of internal migration in the UK – Counter-urbanisation
How to manage change (7 stages) and Measuring Social Progress
The rural-urban continuum and how it affects population density – Kenya.
How can statistics affect views on urban areas – Crime stats and London choropleth
Impacts of international migration – Post-colonial
Stakeholders in Management - Slough
Migration, Mortality and Fertility rates effect on an area – Newham
How can the media affect peoples opinion of urban areas.
Social Exclusion (Bristol SEM/Cultural Fractionization) – Russian/Jewish/Post-colony migrants
Urban areas management – Oxford
Population characteristics of different areas – ICT research
Are rural areas desirable to live in – Positives and negatives of Cornwall
Glasgow as an example of social exclusion and the built environment.
Rural areas management – Breckland/Cornwall
The effect of globalisation on Diverse Places – New York & London
Different peoples views on areas affect their desirability – using house price, crime rates and ASB incidents to rate areas
The evolutions of the Docklands
Managing Hate Crime
Examples of demographic and cultural changes to an area – Australia & East London
Investigating peoples view on the local area.
How tensions can change over time – Southall