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京剧 中国的国剧 National Opera
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History 历史 Called Beijing Opera or Peking Opera 二百多年 Over 200 years
Originated from the music of Anhui and Hubei Opera, later incorporated other operas Developed quickly under imperial patron
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Why loud voice and gawdy colors?
Long ago, Beijing Opera was performed on open-air stages in markets, streets, teahouses, or temple courtyards. In order to be heard over the crowds, the orchestra was forced to play loudly while the performers had to develop a piercing style of singing. The stages were lit by oil lamps and were so dim that the costumes were intentionally designed to be gawdy and made from harsh, contrasting colors.
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What makes it National Opera?
Harmonious combination of Grand Opera, Ballet and acrobatic display. In each performance, there is dancing, dialogue, monologue, acrobatic combat and mime.
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Why it’s called National Opera?
physically demanding requiring more qualification than other forms performing art. One must performing artist, a singer, and a dancer at the same time. takes a student more than ten years of training to learn the singing and acrobatic skills.
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Four main roles 生: men 旦: women 净: men with distinctive characters 丑: humorous men or villains
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生 净 丑 旦
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老生
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小生 奶油小生
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武生
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花旦
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花旦
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老旦
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丑
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丑
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净
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净
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Color Symbolism in Peking Opera Masks
Red: loyalty, courage Purple: wisdom, bravery, steadfastness Black: loyalty, integrity Watery white: cruelty, treachery Oily white: inflated, domineering Blue: valor, resolution Green: chivalry Yellow: brutality Gray: an old scoundrel Gold and silver: supernatural (demons, Buddhas, spirits) Dark red: loyal, time-tested warrior
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白脸-cruelty and treachery
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黑脸:integrity and loyalty
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蓝脸:valor and resolution
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红脸: loyalty and courage
关公
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黄脸:fierce and brutality
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金色、银色: supernatural (demons, Buddhas, spirits)gods
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绿脸:stubborn
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紫脸wisdom, teadfastness, bravery
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粉红色 Pink - Humorous
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影像 京剧 联唱 京剧化妆 DVD C-13 Ghszhulaoshi.weebly.com
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