1. Synchrotron Radiation Detector Studies
ETH-ZURICH
Volker Commichau, Hanspeter von Gunten
Hans Hofer, Ulf Roeser, Gert M. Viertel
KNU
Manwoo Lee
EWHA
Kyung Sook Kim
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

2. S. A. Stephens, V. K. Balasubrahmanyan, Earth’s magnetic field as a radiator to detect
cosmic ray electrons of energy > 1012 eV, J. Geophys. Res. 88, A10,7811 (1983)
1998
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH 3

3. 2005
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

4. ~ m
Trigger Device
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

5. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

6. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

7. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

8. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

9. Number of synchrotron photons on the
SRD for an electron energy of 10 TeV
for various SRD detection ranges x
SRD Model
Magnetic Field: 400 mG
½ l: 1.6 m
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

10. Energy distribution of synchrotron photons
for various detection ranges of the SRD
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

11. Technical Publication: H. Anderhub et al., NIM A491 (2002) 98-112
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

12. PSRD : X-Ray Detector
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH 3

13. Small YAP
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

14. Large YAP Crystal Assembly
Veto PMT Output & Bias
(5 mm Plastic Scintillator)
PMT Output & Bias
30 x 30 x 30 mm3 YAP
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

15. Large YAP Tor-Lm (“Mylar”) Window 5 mm NE102A 30x30x30 mm3 YAP
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

16. Macro Strip Detector With APV Readout
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

17. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

18. Typical event 8 bit ADC 50 ns / channel
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

19. YAP: 18x18x1 mm3 YAP: 30x30x30 mm3 [AU] MET [h] Counts/sec Counts/sec
South Atlantic
Anomaly
[AU]
MET [h]
Averaged Gate Content:
(# of Signals per Gate) / 10:
Latitude:
PMT Current:
PSRD Attitude: Deep Space
SCA >10 keV Channel:
SCA >40 keV Channel:
SCA >120 keV Channel:
YAP: 30x30x30 mm3
SCA Charged Particle Channel:
Solar Cell :
LED Test Pulse
Counts/sec
Counts/sec
South Polar
Region
North Polar
Region
MET [h]
H. Anderhub / ETHZ
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

20. PSRD Attitude: Deep Space YAP # 4B
YAP (18 x 18 x 1 mm3 / 50 μm Be Window)
SAA & Pole Regions excluded SAA and Pole Regions
No Sun Sun No Sun Sun
B. Zimmermann / ETHZ
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

21. MIP Small YAP PSRD Attitude: Deep Space No Sun SAA & Poles excluded
Direct Channel
Attenuated Channel (x10)
MIP
B. Zimmermann / ETH
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

22. PSRD in the Polar Region
Small YAP 1A
Small YAP 6A
~ 100 keV
~ 140 μsec
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

23. PSRD (Small YAP): All Attitudes, No Direct Sun
North Pole
Counts / (Small Yap[4B] x sec)
Solar Flares
South Atlantic Anomaly
South Pole
B. Zimmermann / ETHZ
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

24. Results from the PSRD Mission
Measurement of the background: Outside the polar
regions, the South Atlantic Anomaly and during years of
moderate/low sun activities: The SRD concept can be
realized .
Usefulness of the APV readout for space application proven (Time resolution < 10 ns & high readout density).
Detector components: Space qualified.
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

25. GSO: Gd2(SiO4)O-Ce YAP: YAlO3-Ce YSO: Y2(SiO4)O-Ce BGO: Bi4Ge3O12
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

26. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

27. Cerium doped Yttrium Perovskite [YAP(Ce)]
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

28. HAMAMATSU
R5900U
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

29. ~50 %
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

30. SRD – TRD Concept 1.2 m x 1.2 m TRD 1600 Cells
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

31. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

32. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

33. TRD – X-tal Test at CERN
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

34. TRD – X-tal Test Results (Sample)
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

35. Single Cell Crystal YAP/Other Crystal 30x30x30 mm3 PMT/Other Hamamatsu
Subsegment
64 Cells
PreAmp
Bias
TorLM Window not shown
(Light Shield)
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

36. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

37. Time resolution measurement with Mn54 source
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

38. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

39. SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

40. PMT ~ 0.05 W (Preamp) + 0.02 W (Bias) 1600 x 0.07 W
SRD-TRD Design Study:
Power Consumption
PMT ~ 0.05 W (Preamp) W (Bias) 1600 x 0.07 W
APV ~ 0.3 W x 0.3 W
ADC + RAM +I/O ~ 0.3 W 25 x 0.3 W
TDC + programmable Delay ~ 0.2 W 25 x 0.2 W
PLD + I/O ~ 1.0 W x 1.0 W
TRD x 0.07 W
Computing W
Slow Control 2 W
Data Storage 5 W
Total Power (Estimated) : W
Weight (Estimated) kg
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH

41. Conclusion
The Synchrotron Radiation Detector can be built and operated
except for the polar regions and SAA, excluding also direct sun.
This device can measure the sign and energy of multi-TeV electrons
and positrons in a high hadron background.
The SRD – TRD design concept including fast scintillators with high light yield for both sub-components (TRD & SRD) has advantages:
Excellent time resolution
Low power consumption
Low weight
High efficiency
Low background from trigger device back splash
Simplified TRD operation (No gas system)
SRD / PEBS/ January 2009 / GV / ETH