1. March 22, 2017
Journal: When kicking a ball, what is the agonist, antagonist, point of origin, point of insertion, and synergistic muscles?

2. Exercise Effect on Muscles

3. Exercise Any type of activity that involves using your muscles
Causes muscle hypertrophy
When muscles grow in size

4. Types of Exercise
Strength training – contracts muscles against heavy resistance Ex: weight lifting
Increases myofilaments in muscle fiber
Aerobic training– increases ability to sustain exercise over long periods of time Ex: running, biking, swimming
Increases number of blood vessels to muscles and increases the number of mitochondria

5. Satellite Cell Theory of Hypertrophy
Intense exercise causes damage to the muscle fibers
Damage activates satellite cells to reproduce and differentiate
Replace the damaged fibers
Fuse to muscle fibers and form new myofibrils
This causes the myofibrils to increase in thickness and in number which will result in overall muscle growth

6. Growth Hormone
Strength training stimulates the release of growth hormone
Growth hormone than stimulates fat to be broken down and used as energy for muscle cells
Also stimulates protein production in skeletal muscle

7. Testosterone Stimulates growth hormone to be released
When released naturally or used as a steroid it enhances protein production in skeletal muscle

8. Muscle Fatigue
Occurs when muscle cells stimulated repeatedly without rest
Decreases strength of muscle contraction
Muscles run out of ATP and it requires a lot of oxygen and nutrients to make more

9. Disuse Muscle Atrophy
During inactivity, muscles shrink in mass