1. Is The Earth Flat and The Economy Circular?
Kiljava Training Centre, Finland,

2. Definition ADEME (Environment and Energy Control Agency – France)
Industrial Ecology: optimum resource, energy and waste management through the implementation of synergies between businesses (waste recovery, pooling services and supplies, exchanging industrial flows, etc.)
Economy of Functionality: The economy of functionality comprises replacing the idea of selling products with selling the use of the product, which leads to a decoupling of value added, and energy and raw material use.

3. The Three Parts of the Circular Economy
Cutting the use of materials: eco-design, recycling and re-use
Cutting production costs, reducing dependence on imports
Increasing product shelf life: economy of functionality, recycling, re-use
Cutting costs for consumers, reducing environmental impact, creating jobs and sectors
Cutting transport requirements and territorial anchoring of businesses: shorter routes, industrial ecology
 Relocating businesses, reducing environmental impact

4. 'Closing the Loop' - A European Action Plan in support of the Circular Economy
Adoption: 2nd December 2015
Aims:
Making maximum use of raw materials, products and waste
Supporting energy savings and cutting greenhouse gas emissions
Impacting the entire cycle: production, consumption, waste management, the secondary raw materials market
New training required

5. 'Closing the Loop' - A European Action Plan in support of the Circular Economy
Scope of planned measures:
Reducing food waste (in half by 2030)
Quality standards for secondary raw materials
Working Plan for eco-design ( )
A review of fertiliser regulations
A strategy for plastics (including marine debris)
Re-using water
Integrating the circular economy into public tenders
Labelling
Businesses using best available techniques (BREF documents - EU)
Extended producer responsibility systems (EPR)
A review of waste legislation
Limiting hazardous substances in electric/electronic equipment (26/1/2017)
Energy rating for waste (26/1/2017) …

6. 'Closing the Loop' - A European Action Plan in support of the Circular Economy
The main elements of the revised proposal on waste:
-  Recycling 65 % of municipal waste 
-  Recycling 75 % of packaging 
- Reducing landfill to a maximum 10% for municipal waste
- Promoting economic instruments to discourage landfill
- Promoting the re-use of materials between sectors
Economic measures to encourage:
the sale of more environmentally friendly products
recycling systems

7. Thank you for your time!