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Anti-hypertensives Rauwolfia PH103.37
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DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : R.D.L.P.Christian Designation : Lecturer in pharmacy Branch : Pharmacy Institute : GPW, Srikakulam(088) Year : I year Subject : Pharmacognosy Subject Code : PH-103 Topic : Anti-hypertensives Sub-Topic : Rauwolfia Duration : 50 min. Teaching Aids : PPT, Photographs PH103.37
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Recap In the last class we learnt about The monograph of CNS drug
Nux-vomica PH103.37
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Objectives On completion of this class you would be able to
learn about The monograph of the Anti-hypertensive drug RAUWOLFIA PH103.37
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Known to Unknown Have you heard about snake like root?
What for it was used in the olden days? Have you seen the above root in your Laboratory? PH103.37
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Anti-hypertensives Hypertension is elevation of B.P above normal range
Hypertension is sustained elevation of arterial B.P This is a result of increased peripheral resistance Leads to cardio-vascular and renal complications and increased force of myocardial contraction PH103.37
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Rauwolfia serpentina Fig.37.1 Rauwolfia roots and twigs PH103.37
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RAUWOLFIA Syn: Sarpagandhi, Indian snake root Patalagandhi (Telugu)
Biological Source : Dried roots and rhizomes of Rauwolfia serpentina Family : Apocynaceae Geographical Source : Commercially produced in India, Srilanka, Myanmar, Thailand, America and Africa Fig.37.2 Rauwolfia twigs PH103.37
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Cultivation and Collection
Sowing of fresh seeds Loamy soil with acdic pH cm rain fall, in the month of May or break monsoon Seedlings Transplanted in August at cm distance, provided with fertilizers 3-4 year old plants, uprooted PH103.37
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Morphological Characters
ROOTS Size : 10-18cm long, 1-3cm diameter Shape : Sub-cylindrical, slightly tapering, tortuous Fracture : Short and irregular Colour : Grayish yellow to brown Fig.37.3 Rauwolfia twig Fig.37.4 Rauwolfia root PH103.37
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Morphological Characters
Odour : Odourless Taste : Bitter Extra features : Roots are rough with longitudinal marking and slightly wrinkled surface. Rootlets are absent Fig.37.5 Rauwolfia twig Fig.37.6 Rauwolfia root PH103.37
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Chemical Constituents
About 30 Indole alkaloids have been reported The total alkaloidal content in roots range from 0.7 to 3% Rauwolfia alkaloids classified into 1. Indole alkaloids 2. Indoline alkaloids 3. Indolenine alkaloids 4. Oxyindole alkaloids 5. Pseudo indoxyl alkaloids PH103.37
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Chemical Constituents
Major alkaloids are Reserpine and Rescinnamine Other alkaloids are Ajmaline, Ajmalicine, Rauwolfinine, Reserpinine, Yohimbine, Serpentine and Serpentinine Also contains Oleo-resin, Phytosterol, Fatty acids, alcohol and sugars PH103.37
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Chemical Tests Freshly fractured surface Conc. HNO3
Red Colouration along medullary rays Reserpine Vanillin in acetic acid Violet red colour PH103.37
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Uses Antihypertensive - Used in Hypertension
Tranquilliser - Used in mild anxiety and Neuropsychiatric disorders Used in the treatment of Circulatory disease like obstruction of cerebral blood flow PH103.37
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Allied Drugs Rauwolfia tetraphylla Rauvolfia vomitoria
Rauwolfia densiflora Rauwolfia perakensis Rauwolfia micrantha PH103.37
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In this class we learnt about The Anti-hypertensive drug RAUWOLFIA
Summary In this class we learnt about The Anti-hypertensive drug RAUWOLFIA Rauwolfia contains alkaloids, the clinically most important alkaloid is Reserpine PH103.37
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Quiz 1. The clinically important constituents of Rauwolfia are
a) Alkaloids b) Glycosides c) Resins d) Tannins PH103.37
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Quiz 2. Rauwolfia belongs to the family a) Leguminosae b) Rubiaceae
c) Graminae d) Apocynaceae PH103.37
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Frequently Asked Questions
Write the Botanical Source and Morphological characters of Rauwolfia Write about the cultivation and collection of Rauwolfia Write the Chemical constituents and Uses of Rauwolfia Mention an Anti-hypertensive drug with the Source and Chemical constituents PH103.37
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