1. Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Overview of light
- Properties of light
- Luminous and non-luminous objects
- The strangeness of light
- The electromagnetic spectrum
- Wavelength of frequency
- Colour & Colour Blindness
- The production of light
- The speed of light

2. Where does light come from?
The SUN!!
The sun is a star located 1.50 x 108 km, or 1 Astronomical Unit, away from Earth.
It provides energy in the form of light through a process called nuclear fusion.
Nuclear fusion occurs when two atoms that naturally repelled each other ___________
_____________

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4. __________

5. Properties of Light
_________
Laser

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7. _________ For example:
Thunder and lightning start at the same time, but we will see the lightning first.

8. _________
Homework

9. Luminous and non-luminous objects
_________
A non-luminous object is one that reflects light.

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12. The Strangeness of Light
Nothing moves faster than the speed of light
3.0 x 108 m/s
Anything with mass cannot travel at the speed of light
__________
Unlike heat and sound energy which requires a medium (a physical substance) to move, light does not
Light is transferred through radiation (via electromagnetic waves) in a vacuum

13. Modern electromagnetic waves
Today we have identified many types of electromagnetic waves which makes up our ________
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15. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Machines can detect other parts of the EM spectrum, but the information needs to be converted into colours for us to see it.

16. Example – The Sun
visible
x-ray
UVA
UVB

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18. Modern View Continued _________ Longer Wavelength Shorter Wavelength
(Low Energy)
Shorter Wavelength
(High Energy)
_________

19. Wavelength and Frequency
Wavelength – the distance between successive crests on a wave.
Frequency – …………..

20. The Visible Light Spectrum
Different colours have different wavelengths!

21. Colour
White light is not a single colour; it is made up of a mixture of the seven colours of the rainbow.
We can demonstrate this by splitting white light with a prism:
This is ………….

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23. Adding colours
White light can be split up to make separate colours. These colours can be added together again.
The primary colours of light are _________
Adding blue and red makes magenta (purple)
Adding blue and green makes cyan (light blue)
Adding red and green makes yellow
Adding all three makes white again

24. Only red light is reflected
Seeing colour
The colour an object appears _________
For example, a red book _________
Homework
White
light
Only red light is reflected

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26. Colour Blindness
The tricky thing about colour blindness is that many people don’t know they are colour blind until they get tested
40% of colour blind pupils currently leaving secondary school are unaware that they are colour blind

27. How many animals are there?

28. Red Green Colour Blindness is caused by a gene on the X chromosome therefore, since males have 1 X and 1 Y ………….
For these people, they cannot see red and green light.

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30. The Production of Light
Light is produced by three main ways:
Incandescence
_________

31. The Production of Light
Luminescence
____________

32. The Production of Light
Chemoluminescence
Chemical reactions
_________

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34. How long will it take?
Earth
Moon
384,000,000 m
How long does light take to reach the Earth from the Sun?
_________

35. Looking Into The Past
By looking at objects in the universe (stars and galaxies), you are looking into the past. Why?