1. Indus & Shang Civilization

2. Land of India North – Highest mountain range – Himalayas
South – Ganges River
West – Indus River Valley
Monsoons – Seasonal wind patterns

3. India’s First Civilization
Location : Indus River Valley
Flourished BC.
Over 1,000 settlements have been found in this area.

4. Ruins – Indus Civ. Harappa & Mohenjo- Daro major cities today
They were advanced civilizations

5. Indus Civilization
35,000 people and each city was planned very carefully
Cities had a grid of streets and were divided into walled neighborhoods
Houses as high as 3 stories
Public wells supplied water, sewage, etc.
Chute system used for trash
Well-organized government

6. The Ruling Class
Rulers based their power on a belief in divine assistance
Government based on religion

7. Arrival of the Aryans
Aryan invaders ended the civilization of the Indus River valley by conquering the Harappans.
Aryans – nomadic Indo-European people living in central Asia

8. New Society
Aryans excelled at war and eventually defeated the Harappans
These warriors eventually became farmers …..COTTON
As Nomads, the Aryans had no written language

9. New Innovations 1000 BC – Sanskrit became their first written language
The invention of the iron plow really advanced farming techniques
Silk Road – Road that was heavily used for trade. (Silk was the most valuable)

10. Society in Ancient India
Caste System
Rigid Hierarchy made up of 5 classes
1. Brahmans (Priest)
2. Kshatriyas (Warriors)
3. Vaisyas (Commoner)
4. Sudras (Most of the Indian population)
5. Untouchables

11. Chinese Civilizations
Rivers/Mountains
Huang He (Yellow River)
Yangtze River
10% of the land is suitable for farming

14. Shang Dynasty

15. Shang Dynasty BC
Aristocracy – Upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another
Shang king ruled from Anyang
Best remembered for Bronze casting

16. Deeply Religious
Belief in Supernatural forces led to the reading of Oracle Bones
Life after death (Good and Bad spirits)
Strong belief in preserving ancestors heritage

17. Zhou Dynasty Zhou revolted against the Shang (1045-256 BC)
Mandate of Heaven
Confucianism begins in the Zhou dynasty

18. Mandate of Heaven
Zhou King kept rule because Heaven gave him power to.
Foundation of ALL Chinese government even Communism today. 18