1. RUSSIA

2. History of Russia
In the 18th century, the nation had expanded through conquest, annexation and exploration to become the Russian Empire, the third largest empire in history. 
The Russia-Japan War started in 1904 and ended in with Japan winning the war. The Russian defeat was one of the reasons for later revolutions.
In October 1917, the Bolsheviks (later called "Communists"), influenced by the ideas of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin, took over the country. They created the first Marxist Communist State under Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky (USSR).

3. CONT’D…
From the 1920s to the 1950s, Josef Stalin ruled as an absolute dictator of Soviet Russia, and destroyed anything and anyone that was against his rule.
Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany agreed not to attack each other in In June 1941, Germany broke the agreement and attacked in Oeration Barbarossa. 
Russia lost more than 20 million people during the WWII.
In spite of this large loss, Russia was one of the winners of the war and became a world superpower after the war.
In 1954, the Cold War, a struggle between Russia and the US for dominance, began.

4. CONT’D…
The Cold War ended with the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s. 
Russia took over the place of the USSR.
Boris Yeltsin was elected the President of Russia in June 1991, in the first direct presidential election in Russian history. 
There was a transition from centrally planned economy to capitalism and from authoritarian dictatorship to democracy.

5. CONT’D…
On 31 December 1999 President Yeltsin resigned and Prime Minister, Vladimir Putin was appointed. Putin then won the 2000 presidential election. 
While many reforms made during the Putin presidency have been criticized by Western nations as undemocratic, Putin's leadership led to stability, and progress. This won him widespread popularity in Russia.
On 2 March 2008, Dmitry Medvedev was elected President of Russia, whilst Putin became Prime Minister. Putin returned to the presidency following the presidential elections, and Medvedev was appointed Prime Minister.

6. RUSSIA FEDERATION
Russia, officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in northern Eurasia.
It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects.
It is one of the biggest countries in the world.
Approximately 150,000,000 inhabitants
It is the largest country (in land areas) on Earth, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth’s inhabited land area.
It has had extremely rapid political and economic change since 1990.

7. Freedom Status of RussiaPR CL
Freedom Rating
Aggregate Score
Russia
Not free 7 6
6.5 20
PR = Political Rights CL = Civil Liberties CL, PR, Freedom Rating Explanation: 1 = most free and 7 = least free Aggregate Score Explanation: 0 = least free, 100 = most free

8. 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index
Rank
Country
2016
2015
2014
Score
Change in score from previous year
131
 RUSSIA 29 2 27 -1
Scores:
Less corrupt
More corrupt
89..80
79..70
69..60
59..50
49..40
39..30
29..20
19..10
9..0

9. CONT’D…
In October 2003, the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) became a broader collective security organization (with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan since 2006).
Russia has the second largest military power in the world.
It is not among the leaders in military expenditures.
Its arsenal is getting old. It has serious problems with modernization of its military forces and arms.

10. Economic Development
Russia has an upper-middle income economy and emerging financial market.
It became a member of the International Monetary Fund (IMF, 1992) and the G8 (1994, where it did not have full membership until 1998) and the Council of Europe (1996).
In October 2000, the Eurasian Economic Community was established (with Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia and Tajikistan as members. Uzbekistan was a member only between ).
In 2010, the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia started functioning.

11. CONT’D…
Russia’s extensive mineral and energy resources, the largest reserves in the world, have made it one of the largest producers of oil and natural gas globally.
Russia holds first place in the world in explored reserves of natural gas (32%).
Russia is the second largest producer and exporter of petroleum in the world.
Export products: Natural gas, petroleum oils, coal, unwrought aluminium and diamands
Import products: Machinery, plant or laboratory equipment motor cars and other motor vehicles parts and accessories for tractors and transmission aparatus for radio-telephony

12. Trade Partners of Russia
Main Customers (% of Exports)
2015
Netherlands
11.7%
China
8.2%
Italy
4.7%
Germany
4.6%
Japan
4.2%
Others
66.5%
Main Suppliers (% of Imports)
2015
China
19.3%
Germany
10.4%
United States
6.3%
Belarus
4.4%
Italy
4.3%
Others
55.4%

13. CONT’D... 1990 2000 2010 2016 GDP growth (Annual %) -3.0 10 4.5 -0.2
Inflation
15.9
37.7
14.2
3.6

14. Breakdown of Economic Activity By Sector
CONT’D…
Breakdown of Economic Activity By Sector
Agriculture
Industry
Services
Employment By Sector (in % of Total Employment)
6.7
27.2
66.1
Value Added (in % of GDP)
4.7
32.4
62.8
Value Added (Annual % Change)
3.3
-0.1
-0.6

15. Social Development
The strong point of Russia is its culture and education.
The Russian population is 100 percent literate.
Unemployment rate

16. Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)

17. CONT’D… 1990 2000 2010 2016 Life Expectancy at births (years) 69 65 71
Fertility Rate (births per woman)
1.9
1.2
1.6
1.8
Mortality Rate, under 5 (per 1000 live births) 26 23 12 10

18. HDI value of BRICS, 1980-2012 Countries 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
2010
2012
Russian Federation
…..
0.730
0.713
0.753
0.782
0.788
Brazil
0.522
0.590
0.669
0.699
0.726
China
0.407
0.495
0.637
0.689
South Africa
0.570
0.621
0.622
0.604
0.629
India
0.345
0.410
0.463
0.507
0.540
0.554

19. FUTURE??? Weak economy! Commitment to democracy uncertain!
Nationalist movements threaten stability!