1. FM
BeDIM
A practical approach to providing resilient support for fine-scale location specificity
Jane W. S. Liu
Institute of Informaiton Science
Academia Sinica, Taiwan
RTCSA, August 17, 2017
Location specificity
The term location specificity refers to the ability of an active device to select its action(s) in response to each emergency alert based on not only the type and parameters of the alert but also on characteristics of the building, interior layout and objects around the location of the device. Location specificity also means that preparedness and response instructions delivered to their users by active mobile applications are customized according to the attributes of their locations.

2. Current Scenario Effectiveness is limited due to
Alert xmlns: …
Sender: Central Weather Bureau
Status: Actual
MsgType: Alert
Scope: Public
Info
Category: Geo
Event: Earthquake
Urgency: Immediate
Severity: Strong
Certainty: Observed
Description: A strong earthquake measuring 7.8 occurred in …
Parameters: Magnitude, depth, …
Areas: Polygons specifying affected areas
Resources: … …
Effectiveness is limited due to
Non-specificity of alerts
Limitation in human reaction time to take advantage
Other EAS and CMAS 2
2018/9/11

3. Walk in indicated directions
A Future Scenario
Alert xmlns: …
Sender: Central Weather Bureau
Status: Actual
MsgType: Alert
Scope: Public
Info
Category: Geo
Event: Earthquake
Urgency: Immediate
Severity: Strong
Certainty: Observed
Description: A strong earthquake measuring 7.8 occurred in …
Parameters: Magnitude, depth, …
Areas: Polygons specifying affected areas
Resources: … …
Earthquake,
Stay calm,
Walk in indicated directions
Picture of Taiwan from
Active use of alerts 4

4. iGaDs (Active Devices) in Smart Homes and Buildings
(AlertType == Earthquake) AND (Magnitude >= 6) OR
(AlertType == Tornado) AND (Severity >= 3) AND
(OutsideAirPressure * THRESHOLD_RATIO < InsideAirPressure)
iGaD
CAP-aware elevator controller
CAP-aware building management system
CAP-aware entry access controller
(AlertType == Earthquake) AND (Magnitude>= 7.5) OR
(AlertType == Tornado) AND (Severity >= 4) 5

5. Technology Enablers Accurate and timely disaster prediction
Wide adoption of XML-based international standard alert message format
Platforms for authenticating authorized alert senders and dissemination of alerts
Increasing adoption and use of building information and facility management digital data exchange standards
“BIM-level 3, digital building information exchange”,
DRBoaST

6. Delivery of fine-scale location-specific data and instructions
Location-specific emergency response instructions
3D coordinates of this location & URL of nearby stores
Fine-scale, location-specific decision support data

7. Gateway
Wide Area Network
Lbeacon data
BeDIPS monitor and
Testing programs
Lbeacon-
URL
mapping
BeDIS server
BeDI Repository
BeDIPS delivers to Bluetooth devices 3D coordinates & location descriptions with 3-10 meter horizontal accuracy
BeDI mist delivers location-specific data and instructions using micros data servers

8. On IPS: A market arena full of
Indoor Positioning Systems work where GPS does not.
On IPS:
A market arena full of
Big players, including Google, Apple, Microsoft, Qualcomm, Broadcom and so on
100 startups and 540+ investors according to AngleList as of August 16, 2017
A playground for diverse technologies, including
Triangulation of using WiFi, cell, and FM signals
Fingerprints of magnetic signals of the building and WiFi and FM signals in the building
Measurements of light, acoustic, ultra wideband and low frequency signals, and
Proximity beacons
Sources of information: co/indoor-positioning
D. Schneider, “New Indoor Navigation Technologies Work Where GPS Can’t,” IEEE Spectrum, November 2013.
D. Dodge, “Leaders in Indoor Location Positioning technology,” April 2013, (last retrieved: August 2015)
D.Dodge, “Indoor Location startups innovating Indoor Positioning,” June 2013, (last retrieved: August 2013)
DRBoaST

9. IPS for large public buildings
Works without Internet
Stays responsive in presence of mass crowd
Is easy to install & maintain
Remains accurate despite movement of people & things
Serves both feature and smart phones
Picture of rush hour in Singapore:
Upper right corner:

10. Lbeacons (Location beacons)
Bluetooth smart ready devices in BeDIPS
Stores and broadcasts its 3D coordinates and location description
Provides 3-5 m (or 5-10 m) horizontal location accuracy with zero vertical error
Is compatible with Bluetooth 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 devices
No APP and indoor maps required

11. LBRMS database BeDI repository BeDIP & LBRMS servers BE:EF:F0:0D:CA:FE
& 3D coordinates
LBeacon
BE:EF:F0:0D:CA:FE
Registered Bluetooth smartband
Carts, chairs, etc with Bluetooth smart tags.

12. Practical Challenges
In a major transport hub (e.g., Frankfurt Airport):
There may be 50,000 smoke detectors.
100,000 Lbeacons may be used to achieve the desired location accuracy (e.g., 5-10 meters)
Where should the beacons be placed ?
How to pinpoint the chosen location of each Lbeacon and install it there?
How to systematically and reliably maintain the system during remodeling?
DRBoaST 20

13. BeDI Repository BeDIS server FM Lbeacon data BeDIPS monitor and
Testing programs
Lbeacon-
URL
mapping
BeDI Repository
BeDIS server
Picture from 3
168 27 4 21

14. Current Work and Plans Pilot studies on BeDIS
To assess the usability and effectiveness of BeDIPS and BeDI mist in real-life operating conditions:
Possible test sites: Nangang Station, NTUH, Sogo
Collaborators: Accton, Taipei City, TRA, Sogo
To develop applications using BeDIS as a platform:
Navigation: general and special purpose
Tracking of people and equipment
Personalized, location specific marketing
Research and development:
A framework for building quality assured AERS
Security and safety of large active systems

15. Thank You!
Picture from 24