1. Grab a copy of the Lung Capacity Lab. Get a ruler. Get out your paper.
Thursday, February 23, 2017

2. What are the forces that move air into and out of the lungs?
LEQ
What are the forces that move air into and out of the lungs?

3. Lab Set up Get out a sheet of paper, a PENCIL, and a ruler
On your paper:
Put your first & last name, date & period # in the upper right corner
Center the lab title on the first line
Copy the Purpose
Answer both Hypothesis questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES (your team is the people you are sitting with)

4. Copy Data Table Trial Balloon Diameter (cm) Lung capacity (L) 1 2 3
Average

5. When you think you’re ready to begin
Show your paper to Mrs. Glisson
She will give you a balloon if your hypothesis & data table are correctly done
Carry out the procedure
Record YOUR data
Calculate averages
Throw away your balloon
Get a book & read pgs
wait for everyone else to finish

6. Record Average Lung capacity in class table
Answer Analysis #1 only
Write a Conclusion: Was each of your hypothesis correct? Use data to support your answer
Turn in lab paper; return ruler
Get out new sheet of paper

7. Pulmonary ventilation external respiration
Define the following
Pulmonary ventilation
external respiration

8. Read pgs on Resp. Phys.

9. Four Events of Respiration
Pulmonary ventilation—moving air in and out of the lungs (commonly called breathing)
External respiration—gas exchange between pulmonary blood and alveoli
Oxygen is loaded into the blood
Carbon dioxide is unloaded from the blood

10. External Respiration
Figure 13.6 (2 of 2)

11. Four Events of Respiration
Respiratory gas transport—transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide via the bloodstream
Internal respiration—gas exchange between blood and tissue cells in systemic capillaries

12. Mechanics of Breathing (Pulmonary Ventilation)
Completely mechanical process that depends on volume changes in the thoracic cavity
Volume changes lead to pressure changes, which lead to the flow of gases to equalize pressure

13. Mechanics of Breathing (Pulmonary Ventilation)
Two phases
Inspiration = inhalation
flow of air into lungs
Expiration = exhalation
air leaving lungs

14. Inspiration Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract
The size of the thoracic cavity increases
External air is pulled into the lungs due to
Increase in intrapulmonary volume
Decrease in gas pressure

15. Inspiration
Figure 13.7a

16. Inspiration
Figure 13.8

17. Expiration
Largely a passive process which depends on natural lung elasticity
As muscles relax, air is pushed out of the lungs due to
Decrease in intrapulmonary volume
Increase in gas pressure
Forced expiration can occur mostly by contracting internal intercostal muscles to depress the rib cage

18. Expiration
Figure 13.7b

19. Expiration
PLAY
Respiration: Pressure Gradients
Figure 13.8

20. Pressure Differences in the Thoracic Cavity
Normal pressure within the pleural space is always negative (intrapleural pressure)
Differences in lung and pleural space pressures keep lungs from collapsing

21. Nonrespiratory Air (Gas) Movements
Can be caused by reflexes or voluntary actions
Examples:
Cough and sneeze—clears lungs of debris
Crying—emotionally induced mechanism
Laughing—similar to crying
Hiccup—sudden inspirations
Yawn—very deep inspiration

22. Crash Course Circulatory and Respiratory
Copy on your paper
How do the circulatory and respiratory systems work together to carry out their functions?
Crash Course Circulatory and Respiratory

23. Spirometer

24. Respiratory Volumes
Figure 13.9

25. Ticket out the door
How do we breathe?