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Agenda: Thursday Opening Activity PPT and notes Bill Nye

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Presentation on theme: "Agenda: Thursday Opening Activity PPT and notes Bill Nye"— Presentation transcript:

1 Agenda: Thursday Opening Activity PPT and notes Bill Nye
Presentation Marks Rock Cycle Quiz- MONDAY Physical Unit Test- Mon, April 22nd

2 Physical Geography thus far….
Layers of the Earth Continental Theory Plate Tectonics Volcanoes Earthquakes Rock Cycle and now….

3 Layers of the Earth 1) 2) 3) 4)

4 Continental Drift Who What When Why

5 Tectonic Processes Who What When HOW

6 Types of Tectonic Boundaries
1) 2) 3)

7 Volcanoes 3 ways of describing them? 3 TYPES Inside a volcano
Hot Spots? Positives and Negatives of volcanoes

8 Earthquakes Hypocentre vs. Epicentre Richter Scale
Where do they happen?

9 Rock Cycle

10 EROSION & GLACIERS

11 Looking at two things today:
1. Forces of Erosion 2. Glaciers/Glaciation

12 Forces of Erosion Weathering and erosion continually work to even out the Earth’s surface

13 WHAT IS EROSION? Erosion
the movement of sediment or soil from one location to another by means of water, ice, and wind

14 WHAT IS WEATHERING? Weathering
the breaking down of materials such as rocks and minerals by physical, chemical or biological processes

15 WHAT IS DEPOSITION? Deposition
When particles carried by water, ice, or wind are deposited (dropped) in another location

16

17 CAUSES OF EROSION/WEATHERING

18 EXAMPLES OF EROSION

19 EXAMPLES OF EROSION

20 Most of the landscape in Canada and the Northern United States has been shaped by glaciers.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

21 Glaciers

22 Backgrounder: Glaciers
In the polar regions and on high mountains, cold temperatures stop snow from melting. As more snow falls on top, it builds up in deep layers that, over centuries, are compressed into solid ice

23 Backgrounder: Glaciers
This mass of ice tends to creep downhill as glaciers, and where these reach the sea the ice breaks away to form floating icebergs

24 WHAT IS A GLACIER? Glacier: A mass of snow and ice that moves downhill. Glaciers can be found on: Mountains Continents (Greenland, Antarctica)

25 Video Link! Going inside a Glacier

26 Two Types of Glaciers Alpine Glaciers: long, slow-moving, rivers of ice found in areas of high elevation (mountain areas). Continental Glacier (ICE SHEETS): a very old, thick mass of ice covering almost an entire land mass

27 Alpine Glacier

28 Continental Glacier

29 Glaciers form when more snow and ice accumulate than melt.

30 WHAT DO GLACIERS DO? Glaciers do 2 main things to the land:
They break the Earth’s surface into smaller pieces They carry the smaller pieces to new places and drop them off when they melt (turn back into water).

31 HOW ARE GLACIERS MADE?

32 WHAT IS THE ZONE OF ACCUMULATION?
The Zone of Accumulation is the part of the glacier where the snow builds up (collects) If there is more snow collecting than snow melting, the glacier grows

33 WHAT IS THE ZONE OF ABLATION?
The Zone of Ablation is where melting occurs (happens). If there is more melting than snow falling, the glacier gets smaller

34

35 Let’s have a look at a Glacier
Place where snow collects Place where snow melts

36 A typical Glacial moves either forward (if it gets bigger) or backwards (if it gets smaller)

37 As long as Accumulation = Ablation, the Glacier does not move forward

38 If accumulation is more than ablation, the Glacier moves forward

39 If ablation happens more than accumulation, the Glacier gets smaller

40 Eventually, material trapped in the ice reaches the front of the glacier and is deposited (dropped off)

41 Agenda Fri: Opening Activity Quiz Rock Cycle- this MON Test- Mon 22nd
Finish PPT from yesterday Walking with Beasts

42 EVIDENCE OF GLACIERS Abrasion is the wearing down of rock by the grinding effect of rock fragments frozen into the bottom of glaciers. Three examples of abrasion are: Polish Striations Gouges

43 POLISH

44 STRIATIONS

45 GOUGES

46 EVIDENCE OF GLACIERS Deposition is when rock and soil picked up and moved by a glacier is dropped off in a new area to create new landscapes. Till (material that is not sorted and not in layers) Outwash (deposits made by streams after glaciers melt) Erratics (boulder-sized rock dumped by a glacier)

47 GLACIAL TILL

48 OUTWASH

49 ERRATIC

50 Erratic: How did this rock get like this?

51 Glacial Movement Answer: Our next area of Focus.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

52 Answer: Our next area of Focus.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

53 Slow Melting Answer: Our next area of Focus.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

54 Slow Melting Answer: Our next area of Focus.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

55 Answer: Our next area of Focus.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

56 Answer: Our next area of Focus.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

57 Why is this a picture of this classroom 35,000 years ago?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

58 Answer: We would have been buried under a mile of ice in complete darkness.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

59 Our city may have looked like this 35,000 years ago….why?

60 Ice Ages Ice Ages are periods when the Earth’s climate cools enough to allow large continental glaciers to flow from the polar regions to regions farther south. There have been at least four ice ages during the past million years.

61 Ice Ages The last ice age was called "The Great Ice Age", and it occurred 11,000 years ago. During the "Great Ice Age” over one third (1/3) of the earth was covered in ice

62 Cool Mammals! During the last Ice Age, there were many large, interesting mammals, like the saber-toothed cats, giant ground sloths, mastodons, and mammoths. These animals have long since gone extinct and are known mostly from fossils, from frozen, mummified carcasses, and even from ancient cave drawings.

63 Giant Ground Sloth

64 Giant Ground Sloth

65 Giant Armadillo

66 Giant Armadillo Extinct

67 Dire Wolf

68 Dire Wolf Extinct

69 Short Faced Bear

70 Short Faced Bear Extinct

71 Saber-toothed Cats

72 Saber-toothed Cats Extinct

73 Giant Beaver

74 Giant Beaver Extinct

75 Terror Birds Extinct

76

77 Present Day Bird Species
Size Comparison

78 Present Day Bird Species
Size Comparison

79 Present Day Bird Species
Size Comparison

80

81

82

83

84 “Imagine how cool it would be to have these Terror Birds running around today.”

85

86

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88 Video! Glacier Breaking Apart. Dangerous

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