1. Input, Output, and Storage
What Kinds of Peripheral Devices Would Suit Your Needs?
Chapter 5

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Introduction
In this chapter, we’ll discuss various input, output, and storage devices designed to meet the various needs and lifestyles of people.
This chapter explores the features available in these devices.
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3. What Peripheral Devices Suit Your Needs?
Input Devices
Output Devices
Storage Devices
In this chapter you’ll discuss with students a number of peripheral devices that are available. People have varied needs and lifestyles that are fulfilled by different combinations of peripherals and features.
First we look at a number of input devices to see how how information is captured and translated into a form that can be processed and used by other parts of the computer.
Next come output devices that takes information within your computer and presents it to you in a form that you can understand. The main output devices are monitors, printers, and speakers.networks.
Lastly, you’ll focus on the various types of storage devices.
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5.1 Input Devices
Input device captures information and translates it into a form that can be processed and used by other parts of your computer.
Keyboards
Pointing devices
Game controllers
Scanners
Styluses
Microphones
Digital cameras
Web cams
Good Exercise: Ask students if they can name any other input devices. A hard drive can be classified as both an input device and an output device.
SimNet Concepts Support CD:
“Overview of Input Devices” and “Other Everyday Input Devices”
p Fig. 5-1
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Input Devices
The keyboard is the most common input device. Types of keyboards include:
Wireless
Multimedia and one-touch access
Portable keyboards for PDAs
                               
                               
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Keyboards”
p Fig. 5-2
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Types of Input Devices
                               
                               
p Fig. 5-2
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Pointing Devices
Pointing devices are mainly used to choose and enter commands
Pointing devices tend to have PS/2 connectors or USB connectors
PS/2 connector fits into a PS/2 port, which a small round socket with small holes that fit the pins on the connector
USB connectors fit into USB ports, and these are small rectangular openings on the back or front of your computer, or even on your keyboard or monitor
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Ports and Cables”
p Fig. 5-2
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Pointing Devices
Various pointing devices are available
Types of pointing devices:
Mouse
Mechanical mouse
Optical mouse
Wireless mouse
Trackball
Touchpad
Pointing stick
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Mice”
p & P Fig. 5-3 & Fig 5.4
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Game Controller
Game controllers are used mainly to play games
Types of gaming devices
Gamepads
Joysticks
Gaming wheels
Force feed
                               
p Fig. 5-5
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10. Specialized Input Devices
Other types of input devices include:
Scanners
Styluses
Microphones
Digital cameras
Web cams
p Fig. 5-6
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Scanner
Scanner is a light sensitive device that helps you copy or capture images, photos, and artwork that exist on paper. Types of scanners include:
Flatbed
                                                                   
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Scanners”
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Microphones
Microphones are used to input audio
Three main types of microphones are:
Desktop microphones
Headsets
Directional microphones
Speech recognition is increasingly being included in application software
                                                                   
                               
                               
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Digital Cameras
Digital cameras are used to:
Download images to a computer
Post pictures to the Web
Produce videos
Resolution is measured in megapixels
Higher the resolution, better the image quality, but the more expensive the camera
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Digital Cameras”
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Web Cams
Web cam is a video camera that can be used to take images for uploading to the Web
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5.2 Output Devices
Output devices take information within your computer and present it to you in a form that you can understand
Main output devices:
Monitors
Printers
Speakers
SimNet Concepts Support CD:
“Overview of Output Devices”
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16. Flat Panel Display Devices
Devices with flat-panel displays
Tablet PCs
Cellular phones
Desktop computers
                               
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Monitors
CRTs
Flat-panel displays
Gas plasma
LCD (liquid crystal display)
Passive matrix
Active matrix
Called TFT (thin film transistor)
Separate transistor for every pixel
Monitors come in two basic types.
CRTs (or cathode ray tubes) are the monitors that look like TV sets.
Very heavy
Fragile
Uses a lot of power.
Flat-panel displays are thin, lightweight monitors and take up much less space than CRTs.
Use comparatively little power
Can run on a notebook battery
Not as fragile as CRT monitors
The disadvantages of flat-panel
Gas plasma displays shine light through gas to make an image.
LCD (liquid crystal display) screens shine light through a layer of crystalline liquid to make an image.
LCDs are the most usual type of flat panel screens for computers and come in two types: passive matrix and active matrix.
Active matrix screens are sometimes referred to as TFT displays.
TFT (thin film transistor) are flat panel displays with active matrix screens.
Active matrix screens have a separate transistor for every pixel, or dot, on the screen and update faster providing a higher-quality, crisper image.
Mention to students that the features they should watch for when evaluating monitors are:
Screen size
Resolution
Dot pitch.
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Monitors”
p Fig. 5-9
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Screen Talk
Screen size measured as a diagonal line across the screen – from corner to opposite corner
Resolution the number of pixels displayed on the screen (the higher the resolution, the closer together the dots)
Pixels (or picture element) dots that make up the image on your screen
Dot pitch is the distance between the centers of a pair of like-colored pixels
Refresh rate the speed with which a monitor redraws the image of the screen, and is measured in hertz
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Printers
Inkjet – most popular
Makes images by forcing droplets through nozzles
Top speed is 20 pages per minute
Laser
Forms images using an electrostatic process
Prints between 3 and 30 pages per minute
                               
For desktops and notebook computers, there are three types of printers:
Dot matrix (not mentioned in the text because they’re on their way out)
Inkjet Printers
Inkjet printers are the most popular type of printers.
Great for color as well as black and white printouts.
Inkjet printers make images by forcing ink droplets through nozzles.
The top speed of an inkjet is about 7 ppm (pages per minute).
Laser Printers
Laser printers usually generate better quality output than inkjets, but they’re also more expensive - especially the color ones.
A laser printer forms images using an electrostatic process – the same way a photo copier works.
Laser printers print between 3 and 30 pages per minute depending on type.
Black-only laser printers have one toner cartridge.
Color laser printers require four, which increase the cost of cartridge replacement considerably.
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Printers - Cont
Resolution of a printer is the number of dots per inch (dpi) it produces.
Higher the resolution, better the image, and usually the more costly the printer
                               
For desktops and notebook computers, there are three types of printers:
Dot matrix (not mentioned in the text because they’re on their way out)
Inkjet Printers
Inkjet printers are the most popular type of printers.
Great for color as well as black and white printouts.
Inkjet printers make images by forcing ink droplets through nozzles.
The top speed of an inkjet is about 7 ppm (pages per minute).
Laser Printers
Laser printers usually generate better quality output than inkjets, but they’re also more expensive - especially the color ones.
A laser printer forms images using an electrostatic process – the same way a photo copier works.
Laser printers print between 3 and 30 pages per minute depending on type.
Black-only laser printers have one toner cartridge.
Color laser printers require four, which increase the cost of cartridge replacement considerably.
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Printers - Cont.
Multifunction printer:
Scan, copy, fax, and print
Can be either inkjet or laser
Cost less than buying individual units
Take up less desk space
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Printers”
p Fig. 5-11
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Speakers
A speaker is a device that produces computer output as sound
Speakers are common devices in computer systems Examples include:
Built-in speaker
Two-device set speakers
Surround sound speakers
                               
                               
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5.3 Storage Devices
Storage device stores information to be recalled and used at a later time
Storage device consists of:
Storage medium
Storage device
Three major technology types for information storage:
Magnetic
Optical or laser
Flash memory
                               
Ask students to give you other examples of storage devices.
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Storage Concepts”
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Storage Medium Terms
Byte
Kilobyte (KB)
Megabytes (MB)
Gigabytes (GB)
Terabytes (TB)
Petabyte (PB)
Exabyte (EB)
= 8 bits
≈ 1 Thousand Bytes
≈ 1 Million Bytes
≈ 1 Billion Bytes
≈ 1 Trillion Bytes
≈ 1 quadrillion Bytes
≈ 1 quintillion Bytes
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25. Magnetic and Optical Storage
Computer storage is either magnetic or optical.
p & Fig & 5.16
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26. Magnetic Storage Devices: Internal Magnetic Hard Disk
Magnetic storage devices can be either internal or external
Internal magnetic hard disks are fixed inside the system unit
External magnetic hard disks are portable
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Removable Disks”
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27. Magnetic Storage Devices: Internal Magnetic Hard Disk
Internal hard disk is a magnetic storage device with
One or more thin platters that store information sealed inside the disk drive.
Read/write heads access the information on surface
Heads read information while copying it from disk to RAM
Heads write information when copying it from RAM to disk
                               
                               
A hard disk is a magnetic storage medium, usually fixed inside the system unit, consisting of one or more thin platters or disks that store information.
Magnetic storage devices all work on the same basic principal – a thin layer of magnetic iron oxide compound coats either metal or plastic and is magnetized to represent information.
Read/write heads access the information on the disk surfaces (both top and bottom) and transfer copies to and from RAM.
The heads “read” information while copying it from the storage medium to RAM and “write” it when copying it from RAM to the storage medium.
Your hard disk is where you store your operating system and application software long-term.
When you start up your system, the operating system instructions are copied from your hard disk into memory.
When you launch an application, a copy of the software goes into memory so that the CPU can execute the instructions.
The CPU can’t carry out software instructions directly from any storage device; they must go into memory first.
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28. Magnetic Storage Devices: External Magnetic Hard Disk
External hard disks are magnetic storage media which are portable storage units that you can connect to your computer as necessary
Great for backup storage devices
Ability to transport your hard disk from one computer to another
                               
                               
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Hard Drives
Long term storage system and application software
Operating system and application software are copied from the hard disk to memory
Capacity measured in gigabytes
Since the hard disk is where you keep most of your software until you want to use it, and you’ll probably add new software from time to time
It’s generally advisable to get a hard disk as big as you can afford.
Hard disk capacity is usually measured in gigabytes, that is, billions of characters.
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Optical Storage
CDs
DVDs
Both are optical storage and have three formats:
Read-only
Write-once
Read-and-write
Optical storage comes in two capacities…
a CD holds up to a maximum of about 800 MB.
a DVD holds from 4.7 GB to 17 GB depending on whether it uses both sides and whether the side(s) have one or two layers available for storage
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Optical Storage Media
Read-Only
CD-ROM
DVD-ROM
One-Time Writable
CD-R
DVD-R
DVD+R
Fully Read-and-Write
CD-RW
DVD-RW or DVD+RW or
DVD-RAM
Read-Only Optical Storage Media - read-only means you can’t write to it or change it.
CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) is an optical or laser disc whose information cannot be changed once it has been created.
DVD-ROM is an optical storage medium whose information can’t be changed, but which has a larger capacity than a CD-ROM.
One-Time Writable Optical Storage Media
CD-R (compact disc – recordable) is an optical disc to which you can write information once.
DVD-R (DVD – recordable) is an optical disc to which you can write one time only and which has a higher capacity than a CD.
Fully Read-and-Write Optical Storage Media
CD-RW (compact disc – rewritable) is a compact disc storage medium that allows you to save, change, and delete files.
DVD-RW (also called DVD-RAM or DVD+RW by different manufacturers) is an optical storage medium that allows you to save, change, and delete files but which has a larger capacity than a CD-RW.
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “CDs and DVDs”
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Flash Memory Cards
Flash memory cards have high-capacity storage laminated inside a small piece of plastic
Flash flash memory cards do not need a drive with moving parts to operate
                                        
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
Many students are familiar with this type f memory card as they are popular with the appliances that young students like to purchase. – i.e., MP3 players, digital cameras.
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Flash Memory Talk
CompactFlash (CF)
xD-Picture Card (xD)
SmartMedia (SM) Card
SecureDigital (SD) card and MultiMediaCards (MMC)
Memory Stick Media
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34. Flash Memory Card Readers
Some devices have flash memory slots into which you slide your flash memory card
Other devices can use an external flash memory card reader in order to transfer information
A flash memory drive is a flash memory storage medium for a computer that is small enough to fit in your pocket and usually plugs directly into a USB port
                                        
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