1. Planes and Directional Terms
Body Cavities,
Planes and Directional Terms

2. Body Cavities Body Cavities
* openings within the body which contain organs, protect organs and allow expansion and contraction

3. C A V
I T I E S
B O D Y

5. * Dorsal Cavity: brain and spinal cord - Cranial Cavity: skull bones
- Spinal Cavity: vertebrae
* Ventral Cavity: chest and abdomen
- Thoracic Cavity: superior to diaphragm
a. pleural: surround lungs
b. mediastinum: divide the lungs
c. pericardial: surround heart
- Abdominopelvic Cavity: inferior to diaphragm
a. Abdominal: spleen, liver, gallbladder, stomach, int, pancreas
b. Pelvic: bladder, cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, reproductive
organs

6. Abdominal Quadrants * RUQ * LUQ * RLQ * LLQ What does these stand for?
Belly button is the point of reference
What does these stand for?

7. Abdominal Regions * Epigastric * Umbilical * Hypogastric
* Hypochondriac
* Lumbar/ Lateral
* Iliac/ Inguinal
more precise method of division

8. Why is it important for healthcare workers to know/use anatomical terms?

9. Universal position as a healthcare reference
Anatomical Position

10. Median/ Midsagittal
Divides the body or organ vertically into EQUAL right and left parts
*Body Planes

11. Sagittal
Divides the body or organ vertically into unequal right and left parts
*Body Planes

12. Frontal/ Coronal Plane
A vertical plane dividing the body or an organ into front and back sections.
What is the medical term for front? back?
*Body Planes

13. Transverse Plane
A horizontal plane dividing the body or organ into upper and lower sections.
What is the medical term for upper? lower?
*Body Planes

14. Medial Lateral *Toward the midline *Middle *Away from the side
*Toward the side of the body
*Away from the midline
MIDLINE

15. Proximal Distal *Toward or near the trunk of the body
* Near the point of attachment to the body
* Away from
* Farther from the origin or attachment to the body
Hand- fingers/ wrist
knee/ ankle

16. Anterior Posterior *Front *In front of *Toward the front *Back *Behind
Rostral (anterior)- toward the front
*Back
*Behind
*Toward the rear 1 2

17. Dorsal Ventral * Near the upper surface * Toward the back
* Toward the bottom
* Toward the belly

18. Superior Inferior
* Upper
* Above something
* Lower
* Below something

19. Cranial Caudal * refers to the head of the body * means tail end 1 2 34 6 5

20. Internal External
* inside the body
* outside the body

21. Superficial Deep
* close to the surface
* many layers into the body

22. 1 2
Which is Which?
Frontal 3

23. Divisions of the Back

24. Identify on your Partner
* Area distal to knee
* Inferior to heart
* Superior to lungs
* Area proximal to elbow
* Lateral to big toe
* Medial to shoulder
* Anterior side of the body
* Posterior side of body

25. And you thought anatomy was boring!!