1. Chapter 6 Chemical Bonding
Chemistry, The Central Science, 10th edition
Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten
Chapter 6 Chemical Bonding
Bonding Video 
John D. Bookstaver
St. Charles Community College
St. Peters, MO
 2006, Prentice Hall, Inc.

2. Chemical Bonds Three basic types of bonds: Ionic Covalent Metallic
Electrostatic attraction between ions
Covalent
Sharing of electrons
Metallic
Metal atoms bonded to several other atoms

3. Ionic Bonds
Atoms that give an electron away in order to bond is ionic.
1st step is find out how many electrons are on the outer shell using 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 and so on
All atoms want to have a full outer shell
Chlorine has 7 electrons in the 2 shell – 8 would fill it up so it wants 1 more.
So an element with an extra electron in the outer shell would likely be able to bond with Chlorine.

4. Covalent Bonding
In these bonds atoms share electrons.

5. Polar Covalent Bonds
Although atoms often form compounds by sharing electrons, the electrons are not always shared equally.
Fluorine pulls harder on the electrons it shares with hydrogen than hydrogen does.
Therefore, the fluorine end of the molecule has more electron density than the hydrogen end.

6. Polar Covalent Bonds
When two atoms share electrons unequally

7. Lewis Structures
Lewis structures are representations of molecules showing all outer electrons

8. Lewis Structures
1st step is find out how many electrons are on the outer shell using 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 and so on
All atoms want to have a full outer shell
Chlorine has 7 electrons in the 2 shell – 8 would fill it up so it wants 1 more.

9. Writing Lewis Structures

10. Writing Lewis Structures
Atoms can form multiple
bonds until it does.

11. Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you.

12. NEGATIVE POSITIVE ION Answer these questions:
An atom that gains one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge.
An atom that loses one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge.
An atom that gains or loses one or more electrons is called an ____________.
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
ION

13. ELECTRONS COMPLETE METAL NONMETAL
What is an ionic bond?
Atoms will transfer one or more ________________ to another to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell.
An ionic bond forms between a ___________ ion with a positive charge and a ________________ ion with a negative charge.
Example B1: Sodium + Chlorine Example B2: Magnesium + Iodine
ELECTRONS
COMPLETE
METAL
NONMETAL

14. Example B3: Potassium + Iodine Example B4: Sodium + Oxygen
Example B5: Calcium + Chlorine Example B6: Aluminum + Chlorine

15. SHARE COMPLETE NONMETAL
What is a covalent bond?
Atoms ___________ one or more electrons with each other to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell.
A covalent bond forms between two _________________.
Example C1: Hydrogen + Hydrogen Example C2: 2 Hydrogen + Oxygen
SHARE
COMPLETE
NONMETAL

16. Example C3: Chlorine + Chlorine Example C4: Oxygen + Oxygen
Example C5: Carbon + 2 Oxygen Example C6: Carbon + 4 Hydrogen