1. 11/29 geo engage Review from Group Loop:
1- Where is the Iberian Peninsula? 
2- Apennine Peninsula?
3- What countries make up the United Kingdom?
4- What is the Timberline?
New:
5- What kind of food do you think this is? Where do you think you would find it?

2. Check it out Iceland Rotting poisonous shark corpses.
Poison is drained and meat is hung until dried. Smells like ammonia and tastes extremely fishy.

3. Europe/Russia (Eurussia)
Culture and History

4. The Culture of Europe European diversity
Influenced by long history of:
migration, cultural diffusion, conflict, & changing borders
Many Ethnic groups 

5. Earliest Big Civilizations
Ancient Greece & Rome – two major civilizations in the Mediterranean 
CULTURAL HEARTHS***?

6. Let's Start with Greece! Greece Peak of power in 400s-300s BCE
Mountainous landscape helped divide city-states 
(separate communities that were independent from one another)

7. Earliest Big Civilizations: Greece
City-states (Athens & Sparta) linked by language & culture
Initially hated each other then ALLIES against the Persian Empire
Athens – introduced the idea of democracy***?
Academics/philosophy
Sparta – militaristic oligarchy***?
Train boys to be soldiers (start age 7)
But drama begins...

8. Earliest Big Civilizations
Athens spread rapidly
started to demand resources from surrounding civilizations.
Sparta teams up with other city-states (including Persian Empire... what the heck!) and defeats Athens.
Sparta later declines bc of many wars/conflicts
Significant impacts of both:
Greek art, literature, drama, philosophy, math, & medicine

9. Geo Engage: 11/30 Sparta: What do you think this is
Geo Engage: 11/30 Sparta: What do you think this is? How was it used/what is its purpose?

10. Earliest Civilizations: Rome
Roman Empire:
In Italy – starts around 500 BC
Vast empire (capital city of Rome)
Power peak = 27 BC-180 AD
Influenced by Greeks (I.e.- culture... art/literature)
Developed gov't (republic***), law, engineering, etc. 
The Romans built roads, bridges, & aqueducts – channels used to carry water

11. Fall of Rome
Conflicts/wars weakened the empire despite winning most of these wars.
Eventually overrun by barbarians from the surrounding smaller empires
Lost most of territory

12. Roman Colosseum: Then and now
What do you think it was used for?
Events...

13. Gladiators!

14. Exit Ticket- Something to think about
We have talked about the rise and fall of Athens, Sparta, Rome and other empires/civilizations in previous units.
Many of these places lasted nearly 500 years (nearly double the length of the USA so far). 
1- Some of these places lost power due to constant wars/conflicts slowly weakening them. List 2 other ways (examples) that civilizations/empires/countries could start to decline in power.
2- Do you think this will happen to the USA? Why or why not... explain in detail? (3 sentence minimum)
3- How can we prevent, or continue to prevent, it from happening? (3 step solution- explain in detail)

15. Greece > Rome > Middle Ages > Crusades > Renaissance
Create a timeline that includes the following famous historic time periods (give the years that the period existed and summarize/give impacts of each time period in 3 or more sentences):
1- Middle Ages
Include the definition of Feudalism in your summary.
2- The Crusades 
3- The Renaissance
4- The Reformation
On the back of the timeline, create a Renaissance Ninja Turtles mini-poster 
Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Donatello
Poster checklist includes:
1-   picture of the actual artist next to a portrait of his coinciding ninja turtle.
2-    a 2-bullet point summary of the artist
3-    list the name of an example of one of their famous art pieces

16. The Middle Ages Middle Ages – period between ancient and modern times
Feudalism – a system in which monarchs or lords gave land to nobles in return for pledge of loyalty – replaced centralized government

17. The crusades The Crusades – Began in the 1000s
Controlled by Muslims during the Middle Ages
Crusades – series of brutal religious wars to win back the Holy Land (Israel and Palestine), the birthplace of Christianity, from Muslim rule
Europeans failed to ever permanently gain control of the Christian holy land

18. Renaissance
The 1300’s
Renaissance – a 300 year long period of discovery, learning, revival of art & literature which brought great advancements in European technologies
Led to innovations in science – invention of the movable typewriter which increased the production of books and pamphlets
The Reformation – began due to the accessibility to religious texts, religious movement which lead to the creation of Christian Protestantism

19. The enlightenment Late 1600’s & Early 1700’s
The Enlightenment – a period when educated Europeans began to question long-standing traditions and values.
This period let to revolutionary movements politically and economically which helped shape Europe in to what it is today.

20. Conflict, division, & wars
Communism – a philosophy that called for a society based on economic equality in which the workers would control the factories and industrial production
WWI – began among European powers for colonies and economic power ( )
Monarchies eventually fell in Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia
The Versailles Peace treaty – found Germany guilty for starting the war
Germany had to make reparations – payment for damages from the war

21. Conflict, division, & war
WWII
World-wide economic depression following WWI enabled dictators such as Benito Mussolini (Italy) and Adolf Hitler (Germany) to take control
WWII broke out in 1939, ended 1945; started by the dictators’ need for control; Germany continued to invade nearby countries
Holocaust – one of the major horrors of the war; mass killing of over 6 million European Jews by German Nazis
Cold war
A power struggle between the communist world (led by the Soviet Union) and the noncommunist world (led by the USA)
Divided Germany into east & west (east-communist; west – democratic)

22. The European union
European Union (EU) – an organization whose goal was a united Europe in which goods, services, and workers could move freely among member countries
During the 1950’s, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, and West Germany banded together politically and economically
Eventually led to the EU’s creation in the 1990’s
1992 – the Maastricht treaty: set goals for a central bank & common currency
1999- the euro (common currency among countries)
EU is currently comprised of 15 European countries

23. Culture Language Religion The Arts About 50 different languages
Over 100 different dialects
Religion
Primarily Christian
Some Muslim
The Arts
Romanticism – focused on emotions, stirring historical events, and the exotic
Realism – an artistic style that focused on accurately depicting details of everyday life
Impressionism – the capturing of immediate experiences or “impressions” of the natural world