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Smart Thermostats Opportunities for Energy Savings
Jackie Berger HPC National Home Performance Conference March 21, 2017
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Overview Research Motivation Survey Methodology
Demographic Characteristics Current Thermostat Characteristics Thermostat Programming Behavior Thermostat Setback Behavior Potential Smart Thermostat Use 2
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Research motivation 3
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Research Motivation Interest in “Smart Home” Smart thermostats are becoming more common in utility energy efficiency offerings ACEEE review found savings of 8%-15% of heating and cooling usage 4
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Hypothesis: savings from Smart Thermostats will be affected by
Research Motivation Type of thermostat in use Programmable Manual Setback practices Demographics – elderly or less technology advanced Hypothesis: savings from Smart Thermostats will be affected by 5
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Research Motivation Which households will benefit from smart thermostats? What are the savings opportunities? 6
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Research Motivation What is the smart thermostat penetration rate?
Do smart thermostat owners use remote features? What is the programmable thermostat penetration rate? Are programmable thermostats programmed for setback when away or asleep? Do manual thermostat owners consistently practice manual setback? What is the predicted use of smart thermostats? 7
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Survey methodology 8
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Methodology APPRISE partnered with two natural gas utilities in the northeast Each utility randomly selected residential customers Advance letter sent to 1,600 customers Surveys conducted from January-March 2016 9
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Methodology Utility 1 Utility 2 Total Completes 217 168 385
Cooperation Rate 50% 46% 48% Response Rate 30% 27% 29% 10
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Demographic characteristics
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Home Ownership 12
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Heating Fuel 13
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Computer Use 14
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Wi-Fi and Smart Phone 15
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Technology by Income Level
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Setback Opportunity Home Regularly Unoccupied
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Current thermostat characteristics
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Number of Thermostats 19
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Same Thermostat Controls Air Conditioning
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Programmable Thermostat And Remote Sensor
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Programmable Thermostat By Income
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Smart Thermostat Features
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Thermostat Type 24
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Satisfaction with Current Thermostat
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Thermostat programming behaviors
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Thermostat is Programmed
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Thermostat is Programmed By Income
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Manually Adjust Thermostat At Least Once per Week
Includes those whose thermostat is programmed. 29
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Thermostat Setback behaviors
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Programmable Not Programmed Programmed Programmable
Heating Setback Do you adjust the heat to a cooler temperature… When everyone is asleep at night in the winter? During the day if everyone is at work or school in the winter? Manual Programmable Not Programmed Programmed Programmable Total Observations 169 108 385 Night 54% 60% 95% 67% Away from Home 53% 49% 83% 61% 31
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Heating Setbacks By Income
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Programmable Not Programmed Programmed Programmable
Cooling Setback Do you adjust the air conditioning to a warmer temperature… When everyone is asleep at night in the summer? During the day if everyone is at work or school in the summer? Manual Programmable Not Programmed Programmed Programmable Total Observations 53 76 68 197 Night 53% 37% 69% 52% Away from Home 60% 39% 79% 59% Includes those whose thermostat also controls air conditioning. 33
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Cooling Setbacks By Income
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Potential smart thermostat Use
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Predicted Frequency Remote Temperature Change
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Predicted Frequency Remote Temperature Change
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Reasons for Remote Temperature Change
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Summary and recommendations
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Demographics Technological Aptitude Existing Equipment Behaviors
70% use computers once or more pre day Existing Equipment 74% had both wi-fi and smart phone/tablet Behaviors 57% had regular times of day when no one was home But several had pets in the home at all times 40
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Current Thermostat Manual Thermostat Smart Features
44% had a manual thermostat Smart Features 5% had smart features Thermostat Satisfaction 37% only somewhat satisfied with current thermostat 12% somewhat or very dissatisfied 41
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Smart Thermostat Potential
Programmed Thermostat 28% had a thermostat that is currently programmed Setbacks 95% with programmed thermostat set heat back at night 56% with manual or unprogrammed thermostat set heat back at night Potential Smart Thermostat Use 19% said they would remotely change temp at least 1/day 37% said they would remotely change temp at least 1/week 42
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Low-Income Potential Programmable Thermostat
17% with income <$50,000 had thermostat programmed 47% with income >$100,000 had thermostat programmed Technology Use and Ownership 51% below $50,000 use computer once or more per day 67% have Wi-Fi 69% have smart phone or tablet Potential Smart Thermostat Use 25% with income <$50,000 would remotely change temp at least 1/day 27% with income >$100,000 would remotely change temp at least 1/day 43
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Contact Jackie Berger APPRISE 32 Nassau Street, Suite 200
Princeton, NJ 08540 44
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