1. doc. dr. Brigita Gajšek e-pošta: brigita.gajsek@um.si
z Research opportunity: Incorporation of human factors in order picking planning models
doc. dr. Brigita Gajšek
e-pošta:

2. Development drivers to 2020
GOAL
HOW?
RESULTS
more
and
better
jobs
in EU
improve jobs quality
better working condition
higher standards of occupationa health
safe workplace
special effords: occupations with multiple disadvantages EU
employment
strategy
good physical and mental health
higher productivity and reduced risk of absenteeism
reduction in healthcare costs
better family and social life
Digitalization
application of information technology to raise human performance
going mobile,
adding analytics,
extending the online experience,
new user interfaces

3. Do we work to live or live to work?
Source:
2015/sixth-european-working-conditions-survey-2015
Do we work to live or live to work?
Significant amount of time is spent at work
What we do?
Where we do it? How long and with whom?
How do we feel about work? Do we enjoy it?
Do we feel appreciated and secure?
Do we have a say in planning our own work?
Tasks for future:
Increase workers‘ involvement in
workplace and job design and
automatically many things will
improve
2015 survey
43,000 workers
35 countries

4. Well being at work International Labour Organization (ILO)
Well being at work relates to:
the quality and safety of the physical environments,
the way workers feel about their work and their working environment
effectiveness of an organization.
Employment is an integral part of an individual’s life and the workplace can play a central role in the promotion of the health and well-being of employees.
EurWORK
Well-being at work:
means safe, healthy and productive work in a well - led organisation by competent workers and work communities who see:
their job as meaningful and rewarding,
work as a factor that supports their life management.
A well-balanced and harmonious workplace can benefit:
individual workers, who will be able to maintain good physical and mental health,
businesses, which can gain from higher productivity and reduced risk of absenteeism,
society as whole, with a reduction in healthcare costs or other benefits,
family and social life.

5. Future of logistics?
Germany  Industry 4.0  »Whatever« 4.0
a high degree of autonomy of »things« , but people will still work
autonomous information systems will guide people to the tasks
work places are changing
opportunity to integrate the principles of ergonomics into planning / scheduling on all levels of planning

6. Order picking
Order picking is the process of retrieving items from their storage locations in a warehouse to fulfil customers’ orders:
„Order picker to goods“:
labour-intensive and time-consuming activities
order picking costs represent more than 50% of warehouse operating costs
the most expensive operation which is directly linked to customer satisfaction
more than 80% of all orders processed by warehouses are picked manually
Humans are still more flexible than machines and able of logical reasoning in reacting to unexpected changes in the order picking process

7. Conceptual framework for incorporating HF in oder picking
Some director of logistics:
considers only legislation
hard physical workers should not be informed
about possible solutions to prevent health
humanisation of work is cost associated
improved working conditions do not increase profit
„AS-IS“

8. Research opportunity
How HF can be integrated through OP design characteristics and planning of OP tasks to perform OP tasks in such a maner that OP outcomes will be improved?
Modeling with JACK
SURVEY
problems with health and welfare
used type of transport mean
used identification/comunication system
movements of order pickers
impact of working conditions on health / productivity
employee contribution to the planning of his/her work
Objective: to see through the eyes of employees and get ideas
Real company:
Virtual warehouse and order pickers
Consideration of HF at scheduling,
routing, distribution of tasks and
work organization
Assumption: in the case of good
results solutions could be low-cost

9. Problems with health and welfare
Lover back pain and pain in the neck part are main health problems from the eyes of employees in warehouses.
Structure of clinical
problems
Not
a problem
Clinical
problems

10. Used type of transport mean
22% of workers work completely manually, advanced ergonomic solutions of forklifts are not generaly present .
The most commonly used means
of transportation
Order picker
The posibility
of lifting the pallet
The posibility of
lifting the worker
Electric pallet truck
+ transportation
Electric pallet truck
+ walk
Hand pallet truck
Trolley
No transport mean
Not
used
Always
used

11. Identification/comunication system
The most commonly used system
Paper work is still present, but new technologies
are probably „too expensive“ to implement.

12. Movements of order pickers
The most common movements
lifting is twice as often than lowering
heavier lads are lifted than lowered
a lot of walking, stepping on forklift

13. Impact of working conditions on health / productivity? ?
employees almost do not distinguish the impacts on health and productivity
The biggest impact will be gained with partial automatization

14. Employee contribution to the planning of his/her work
31% of employees only use what is available by employer
23% do not feel the need to change something
Low effords on education and revitalization
Low involment of workers!
Does they want to be involved?