1. The 4 Main Types and Accessories
Stage Lighting
The 4 Main Types and Accessories

2. Main Elements Bulb, referred to as a lamp, produces light
Reflector, reflects the light and throws it forward
Lens, focuses and shapes light
Housing, the metal framework or structure
Shutters, shape light beam

3. Other Parts

4. Types Spotlights Floodlights Strip/Border lights Followspots
Produce focused illumination
Floodlights
Illuminate, or flood, broad areas
Strip/Border lights
Provide a wide, uniform wash
Followspots
Produce a strong beam of light that follows a moving actor

5. Spotlights
Fresnel
Ridged lens, tubular lamp, and a parabolic mirror reflector
Beams cast diffused or soft-edged light pools, which blend easily
Used in conjunction with Barn Doors: control the beams with moveable flaps

6. Augustin Fresnel French physicist Invented his design in 1819
Used in lighthouse illumination and was much more effecient

7. Spotlights ERS (ellipsoidal reflector spot) plano-convex lens
A tubular lamp
Oval shaped reflector
Long throw and extreme precision with minimal spill
Can narrow/widen for harsh or soft edge
Hung in house

8. ERS Accessories Gobo A metal sheet w/ a punched out design
Placed inside instrument to produce a patterned or textured effect

9. Border/Strip Lights Long and narrow
House a row of lamps and reflectors
Provide general illumination (usually on a cyc)
Tone lighted areas w/out messing up specific spotlighting

10. Floodlights AKA scoops or Parabolic Aluminized Reflector cans
Large lamps
Open-faced housing
No lens
Soft, widely diffused light, perfect for background lighting

11. Colored Lights
Gelatins (gels): transparent color sheets inserted into a frame, mounted in front of spotlights and floods, lots of colors, cheap, but has to be replaced often
Plastic costs more, but lasts longer
Roundels (colored glass disks) are used in some strip lights instead of gels or plastic, but their intense colors make blending more difficult