1. Cell Division Review

2. What the four major stages of the cell cycle
What the four major stages of the cell cycle? Which stages make up interphase?
G1, S, G2, Mitosis (Interphase- G1, S, G2)

3. What occurs during each stage of the cell cycle?M

4. G1- growth, replicate organelles, normal functions
S- DNA synthesis
G2- Additional growth
M- Mitosis and cytokinesis

5. What is the purpose of mitosis. What is the end result
* What is the purpose of mitosis? What is the end result? * What kind of human cells do mitosis? * What are the 4 stages of mitosis?
Cell division, duplicate copy/daughter cell
Somatic
pmat

6. What occurs during each stage of mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

7. Prophase- DNA condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase- Spindle fibers attach chromosomes and align them in center of cell
Anaphase- sister chromatids separate to opposite poles
Telophase- nuclear membrane starts to reform, chromosomes start to uncoil

8. What is cytokinesis?
Cell divides cytoplasm between two daughter cells

9. What is binary fission?

10. Binary fission- prokaryotic, asexual reproduction, much simpler than mitosis

11. What is the purpose of meiosis. What is the end result
* What is the purpose of meiosis? What is the end result? * Meiosis is associated with what kind of human cells? * What are the stages of meiosis? * What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids? *What is the main purpose of meiosis I? meiosis II?
Divide diploid cell into haploid, 4 genetically unique haploid cells
Germ
Pmatpmat
Homologous: similar, but not necessarily the same. One from mom, one from dad
sister: one half of the same chromosome (duplicate)

12. Meiosis I Main idea: divides homologous chromosomes
Prophase I- homologous chromosomes start to pair up, nuclear membrane breaks down. Crossing over occurs!
Metaphase I- spindle fibers attach, homologous chromosomes pair up on either side of cell equator.
Anaphase I- homologous chromosome pulled to opposite poles
Telophase I- spindle fibers disassemble, cell does cytokinesis
End result- 2 genetically unique haploid cells with duplicated chromosomes

14. Meiosis II Main idea: divides sister chromatids
Prophase II- homologous chromosomes start to pair up, nuclear membrane breaks down
Metaphase II- spindle fibers align chromosomes along equator
Anaphase II- sister chromatids pulled apart to opposite poles
Telophase II- nuclear membrane reforms, cell does cytokinesis
End result: 4 genetically unique haploid cells

16. Unchecked cell division is known as what?
Cancer
cancer