1. Papers are due Wednesday, June 15 by e-mail: keneckert@hanyang.ac.kr
Papers should be words
Papers should be correct MLA format
Papers should have quotations from at least three English-language secondary sources (Korean ones are fine in addition to three English ones)
Papers should have an MLA Works Cited list
Part of the paper grade will be based on quoted evidence

2. What I’m worried about: Two types of ‘Shoveling”

3. Shoveling A: Papers which describe but have no argument
What the ‘thesis’ is: In this paper I want to talk about x in the novel. What the essay looks like to the professor: “In this paper I want to discuss some stuff and then talk about other things and then write some more about more ideas and stuff.”

4. Shoveling A: Papers which describe but have no argument
What is Tom Sawyer about, you ask? Well, basically, the book Tom Sawyer is about the olden days, back in the days of Huckleberry Finn. Back then, many people were so poor, they had no shoes and often wore only overalls with no shirt. The main character, whose name is Tom, was so poor he had to paint something to earn money. Which is tough work, as I know, because I once had to paint a garage, and it took a long time. It's too bad times were so tough when the Sawyers were around, but it's important to keep in mind that this was the olden days. I would say things have certainly changed since the book took place, what with TV and movies and all. We can now say with pride that because of fine books like Tom Sawyer and because of wonderful teachers like Dr. Eckert that we are now a better nation.

5. Make sure your paper is about the novel, play, or poem(s)!
Be sure to link your discussion to the texts—if your subject is ‘love’ in a novel, make sure you discuss love in the novel.
Evidence. Provide examples and quotations from the text and from books or websites about the text.
MLA style

6. Prove it. - Quotations from the text
X is not Y because you say so. Your arguments are not proven until you have evidence.
- Quotations from the text
- Quotations from experts or scholars
- Specific examples or statistics

7. English 1057 New Trends in British Postmodernism

8. Traditional Approach
Let’s show things as they really are, or as they could be in Heaven. Our art will show truth, and it will be beautiful and please God.
Modernist Approach
Traditional ideas are bad; they nearly destroyed the world. Realism is boring. Let’s show things as we see and feel them inside, and that will be closer to the truth.
Postmodern Approach
There is no single truth; there are just ideas society agreed on. If we realize this and make our own meaning in our art, it will be more honest.

9. Modernism… can be boring

10. Korea when I came here… zzzz….

11. Neo-Futurism: An Idealized (but Retro?) Techno-“Future”

12. Neo-Futurism

13. “Fusion food” is post-modern
- “Pastiche” dishes of national cuisines and foods

14. Architectural “Pastiche”

15. Literary and Movie “Pastiche”
- “Zombie” literature which re-writes classic literature with horror movie monsters

16. Literary and Movie “Pastiche”
- “Steampunk” sets modern stories in 19th-century technology
- Variations: parody; homage; self-parody
Literary and Movie “Pastiche”

17. Problems with Pastiche
How can the viewer/reader know when it’s real, ironic, parodic, or fantasy?
—Fredric Jameson called pastiche “pointless and empty”

18. Literature as Graphic Novel

19. Video Games as Literature

20. Non-linear and interactive hypertext
Michael Joyce's Afternoon (1987)

21. Collaborative and Internet fiction
Ken Kesey's Afternoon (1989) A Million Penguins Wikinovel (2007)

22. Still a future for traditional narrative…