1. Colonial Fair
A Tour of the
13 Colonies

3. THE AMERICAN COLONIES NEW ENGLAND COLONIES MIDDLE COLONIES
Region
Geography
Government & Economy
Religion & Society
NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
• Coastal areas with good harbors.
• Inland areas with dense forests.
• Poor rocky soil & short growing season.
•Small farms. Lumber mills.
Fishing, Shipbuilding and Trade flourished.
•Cities developed along coast.
•Most people organized as congregations. (Puritans)
•Lived on farms, Merchants controlled trade.
•Artisans made goods, unskilled workers and slaves provided labor.
MIDDLE COLONIES
•Fertile soil and long growing season.
•Rivers ran into backcountry.
•Colonies grew large amounts of rye, oats, barley, potatoes & wheat as cash crop.
•Cities on coast.
•Wealthiest people owned large farms & most business.
•Most farmers produced a small surplus.
•Tenants farmers rented land or worked for wages.
• Religious diversity: Catholic, Quaker, Protestant
SOUTHERN COLONIES
•Favorable climate and soil for agriculture.
•Wide rivers made cities unnecessary. “Plantations”
•Tobacco, rice & indigo grown on large plantations as cash crops.
•Wealthy elite controlled most land.
•Labor supply: indentured servants & African slaves.
Religion: Anglican

4. New England Colonies Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode island
New Hampshire

5. Great Migration Puritans wanted to “purify” the Church of England
Between over 20,000 Puritans crossed the Atlantic to New England………..known as the Great Migration

6. Puritan Governor John Winthrop described the Massachusetts Bay colony as a “City upon a hill”…the eyes of the world are upon us”
Puritans believed in godliness, honesty and hard work…the “New England Way”

7. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Thomas Hooker moved his Puritan followers to Connecticut.
They wrote the Fund. Orders of Connecticut 1639
First written constitution in the colonies
Extended voting rights to non church members
Expanded the idea of representative government

8. Rhode Island
Puritan Minister Roger Williams opposed many of the strict church rules
Williams was banned from Massachusetts
In 1636 he created Rhode Island as a place for religious freedom and separation of church and state
Ann Hutchinson also believed that people did not need the church to worship God. She too fled to Rhode Island

9. RWSL
Roger Williams and Anne Hutchison impacted the New England colonies by _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

10. New Hampshire - 1623 Established by: John Mason
Reason for its establishment:
Trade and Fishing
First Settlement:
Strawberry Banke which becomes the present day city of Portsmouth

11. Climate and Geography Long cold winters Short growing season
Rocky Soil with Forest
Coastline had many natural ports

12. Life in New England Region
Most New Englanders were:
Farmers
Trade
Sailing and by the sea
They used ships called schooners were used to catch cod
They also were known for whaling
They used the whales for oil
Boston was the largest city in the New England colonies.

13. Life in New England Region
Schooling was very important to New Englanders.
They believed that children should be able to read so they can read the Bible.
Massachusetts past a law about public education in 1647.
The law said every town with 50 families or more must have a school.

14. People in New England towns lived, worked, and worshiped close together.
The meeting house and the church were the most important buildings in the town.

15. Town Hall Meetings
The purpose of town hall meetings is for local and regional officials to hear the community's views on public issues. ... Attendees generally present ideas, voice their opinions, ask questions of the public figures, elected officials, or political candidates at the town hall.

16. Puritans were interested in establishing a degree of separation of church and state because: (1) experienced persecution in England/wanted to ensure their own freedom of religion in Massachusetts Bay, (2) they disagreed with the Catholic/Anglican idea that the church should be should be universal, encompassing every member of the community. This implied a division between the institutions of society (government) and the institutions of the church.

18. Founders-Reason Connecticut
Thomas Hooker created as a Religious Colony
Rhode Island
Roger Williams created it for religious freedom
Founders-Reason
Massachusetts
Created as a Religious colony for Pilgrims and Puritans
Roger Williams

19. Economy
Shipbuilding
Fishing
Whaling
Furs
Timber

20. Religion
Life centered around Puritan religious worship and the church “New England Way”

21. New York
Pennsylvania
Delaware
New jersey
Middle Colonies

22. Climate and Geography fertile land forested
hot humid summers, cold winters

23. Founders-Reasons New York: Dutch settlers looking for Economic wealth.
William Penn
Pennsylvania:
William Penn / religious refuge for Quakers

24. Merchants and tradesmen
Lumber and Iron
Economy

25. Life in Middle Region
The middle colonies unlike the other colonies had settlers from all different countries:
Europe
Germany
Holland
Sweden
Henry Hudson explored the waterway called the Hudson River.
The Dutch built a settlement called New Amsterdam.
New Amsterdam then became New York when it was attacked by the English.
The English also took New Sweden from the Dutch and called it New Jersey.

26. Because of large amount of grain production, the Middle Colonies were collectively known as the…
Breadbasket Colonies

28. Religion strong history of religious toleration
Open to various faiths and religions

29. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland North carolina South carolina
georgia
Southern Colonies

30. Climate and Geography Southern Colonies Fertile land
long growing season
mild winters/ hot summers
Climate and Geography

31. Founders- Reasons The Carolina’s and Virginia Georgia
Proprietors: set up for economic gain
Georgia
Created by James Oglethorpe as a refuge for debtors (social reasons)
Founders- Reasons
Maryland
Lord Baltimore set up as a refuge for Catholics

32. Cash crops:
tobacco
indigo
rice
cotton
Economy

33. Life in the Region
There were few towns in the southern colonies, but several times a year families living on plantations would travel to the county seat. This was the main town for each county, or large part of a colony.
People went to church and traded crops for goods at the county seat.
County seats had a courthouse, church, general store, and a jail
Plantation owners bought and sold slaves here.

34. The Southern Colonies AGRICULTURE Very productive
CASH CROPS of tobacco and rice.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Rich soil
Flat ground
Longer growing season
Plantations
Specialized and large.

36. Plantations were self-sufficient for the most part
Plantations were self-sufficient for the most part. Everything they needed they produced on the plantation. They used slaves as cheap labor
Economy

37. Religion Maryland Catholics and also open to religious toleration
WELCOME!
Maryland
Catholics and also open to religious toleration
Religion
Virginia
state-established Church of England and loyal to British

39. Compare and Contrast the 3 Regional Colonies
1. List 3 differences between the New England and Southern Regional Colony…
2. List 2 similarities between New England and Middle Regional Colony…..
3. Which Regional colony was all the colonies established for religious reasons?
4. Which specific colony was established for a refuge for imprisoned debtors and what region is this colony located in?

40. Compare and Contrast the 3 Regional Colonies
5. List 2 similarities and 2 differences between the Middle and Southern Regional colony. 6. What regional needed slave labor to cultivate and harvest cash crops? 7. What is a plantation system? 8. Why did town halls become established in certain colonies?