1. June 28, ILL Community Forum
Living with Our Contracts: 
Actualizing e-ILL
Katherine A. Perry, VIVA Director
November 19, 2003
CONCERT, Taipei

2. Preferred License Agreement Language
June 28, ILL Community Forum
Preferred License Agreement Language
Interlibrary Loan. Licensee may fulfill requests from other institutions, a practice commonly called Interlibrary Loan. Licensee agrees to fulfill such requests in compliance with Section 108 of the United States Copyright Law (17 USC 108, “Limitations on exclusive rights: Reproduction by libraries and archives”) and clause 3 of the Guidelines for the Proviso of Subsection 108(g)(2) prepared by the National Commission on New Technological Uses of Copyrighted Works.

3. June 28, ILL Community Forum
June 28, ILL Community Forum

4. June 28, ILL Community Forum
Bright Angel Point, North Rim, Grand Canyon National Park, photo by Manoj Radhakrishnan

5. June 28, ILL Community Forum
U.S. Copyright Law
“The primary objective of copyright is not to reward the labor of authors, but "[t]o promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts." To this end, copyright assures authors the right to their original expression, but encourages others to build freely upon the ideas and information conveyed by a work. This result is neither unfair nor unfortunate. It is the means by which copyright advances the progress of science and art.
---- Justice Sandra Day O'Connor (Feist Publications, Inc. v. Rural Telephone Service Co., 499 U.S. 340, 349(1991)

6. U.S. Copyright Law, Section 108(g)(2)
June 28, ILL Community Forum
U.S. Copyright Law, Section 108(g)(2)
“That nothing in this clause prevents a library or archives from participating in interlibrary arrangements that do not have, as their purpose or effect, that the library or archives receiving such copies or phonorecords for distribution does so in such aggregate quantities as to substitute for a subscription to or purchase of such work.”

7. CONTU Guidelines on Photocopying under Interlibrary Loan Arrangements
June 28, ILL Community Forum
CONTU Guidelines on Photocopying under Interlibrary Loan Arrangements

8. Virginia Tech: ILL Borrowing in 2003
June 28, ILL Community Forum
Virginia Tech: ILL Borrowing in 2003
Total students and faculty = 30,000
Total ILL items in 2003 = 25,486
Almost a 1:1 ratio?

9. Virginia Tech: Most Borrowed only a Few Items in 2003
June 28, ILL Community Forum

10. Number of Items Borrowed by Individuals at Virginia Tech in FY 2003
June 28, ILL Community Forum
Number of Items Borrowed by Individuals at Virginia Tech in FY 2003
Of the 3101 items borrowed in 2003,
53%, (1,655) or the vast majority of students and faculty, borrowed only 1-3 items during
37%, (1,144) or about 1/3 of the students and faculty, borrowed between 4 and 18 items.
Only 9% (282) borrowed between 19 and 99 items
And only 1% (20 PEOPLE) borrowed more than 100 items during the year.

11. June 28, ILL Community Forum
What is e-ILL?
BEST: “Direct e-ILL”
The ability to send an electronic journal article directly to the user for Interlibrary Loan
BENEFITS:
Much faster than traditional ILL from print.
Improved copy to the user.
Links to references are preserved.
Publisher will see increased use of linked articles.

12. What is e-ILL? (Continued)
June 28, ILL Community Forum
What is e-ILL? (Continued)
SECOND BEST: “indirect e-ILL”.
The ability to use an electronic journal article for Interlibrary Loan, but not in electronic format.
BENEFIT:
Faster service than print, but not as fast as direct e-ILL
Improved copy to the user.
BUT
Links to references and other electronic features will not be preserved.
Publisher will not see increased use of linked articles

13. % Change in Book and Journal Costs ARL Libraries, 1986-2002
June 28, ILL Community Forum
% Change in Book and Journal Costs ARL Libraries,
This chart tracking expenditures of ~ 150 of the largest academic libraries in North America is indicative of the trend. At a time when CPI has increased 57% since 1986, the cost of journals and books increased at a far greater rate. The migration to electronic formats, while it has expanded access to much larger populations, has not mitigated the cost crisis in libraries.

14. % Change in Journal Costs ARL Libraries, 1986-2002
June 28, ILL Community Forum
% Change in Journal Costs ARL Libraries,
You know these numbers -- We’re spending more of our budgets on journals and those expenditures have increased a whopping 227% from 1986 to 2002 just to keep up with the costs of our journals. Only in the past year have the ARL libraries reported an increase in the NUMBER of serials purchased. As a consequence, we have lost significant ground in the number of journals we are able to acquire.

15. VIVA Contracts Allowing Direct e-ILL
June 28, ILL Community Forum
VIVA Contracts Allowing Direct e-ILL
American Chemical Society Journals
Annual Reviews
Association of Computing Machinery
Cambridge U Press Journals
CIAO
Gale InfoTrac
Harp Week
HighWire

16. VIVA Contracts Allowing Indirect e-ILL
June 28, ILL Community Forum
VIVA Contracts Allowing Indirect e-ILL
American Mathematical Society Journals
APA – PsycARTICLES
Nature Journals
Ovid Nursing & LWW Journals
Oxford U Press Journals
Project Muse
Science

17. Only 1 VIVA Contract Prohibits e-ILL
June 28, ILL Community Forum
Only 1 VIVA Contract Prohibits e-ILL
Academic Press IDEAL ( )

18. June 28, ILL Community Forum

19. e-ILL at the University of Virginia
June 28, ILL Community Forum
e-ILL at the University of Virginia
31,366 total requests, 15,497 were for articles.
They import the request into ILLiad management software
Search library catalog
Look up article
If licensing agreement allows e-ILL, they print the article and treat as they would any other ILL article.

20. June 28, ILL Community Forum
Benefits
For Library
Reduced total staff time needed to retrieve item (reduced a minimum of 24 hours to as much as several days)
Bound journals are not removed to local patrons can find them
For Recipient
Improved copy because printing is from Internet
Article received more quickly

21. June 28, ILL Community Forum
Bright Angel Point, North Rim, Grand Canyon National Park, photo by Manoj Radhakrishnan

22. June 28, ILL Community Forum