1. GLUCONEOGENESIS Mr. Ansari Altamash Shakeel Ahmad -: Prepared by :-
Assistant Professor
Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, MS. India.
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2. GLUCONEOGENESIS
The synthesis of Glucose from non carbohydrate compound is known as gluconeogenesis
Lactate, pyruvate,amino acid propionates and glycerol are the major substrate or precursors for gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis mainly take place in the cytosol but some of the its precursor are produced in the mitochondria.

3. LOCATION
Gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the cytosol, although some precursors are produced in the mitochondria.
Gluconeogenesis mostly takes place in liver and, to some extent, in kidney matrix.

4. Reactions of gluconeogenesis
Conversion of Pyruvate to Phosphoenolpyruvate
2. Conversion of Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate
3. Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose

5. Reactions of gluconeogenesis
Conversion of Pyruvate to Phosphoenolpyruvate

6. Reactions of gluconeogenesis
2. Conversion of Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
H2O
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase Pi
Fructose-6-
phosphate

7. Reactions of gluconeogenesis
3. Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose
Glucose-6-phosphate
H2O
Glucose-6-phosphatase Pi
Glucose

8. Gluconeogenesis Pathway

9. Gluconeogenesis Pathway

10. Summary Chart- Regulation of Gluconeogenesis
Enzyme
Effect of substrate concentration
Allosteric modification/ Feed back Inhibition
Induction/
Repression
Clinical Significance
Pyruvate carboxylase
Inhibited by high carbohydrate diet
Stimulated during fasting
Activator-Acetyl CoA
Inhibitor
ADP
Induced by Glucocorticoids, glucagon, epinephrine
Repressed by
Insulin
Activity increases in Diabetes Mellitus
Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase
Activator-Citrate
AMP, Fr 2,6 bisphosphate