1. Protein Nutrition Dan Morrical Iowa State University 515-294-2904

2. What is Protein Amino acid chain What is AA
polypeptide that contains N
Essential and non essential
methionine and lysine

3. Protein Uses Milk Growth Wool Maintenance Metabolic Fecal Nitrogen
Dermal Loss
Endogenous Urinary Protein

4. Protein Requirements Expressed as Crude Protein
because CP = 6.25 X % N
example would be alfalfa hay
18.8% crude protein = 3% N

5. Protein Requirements Varies with Stage of production
Level of production
Composition of lamb gain
Ewes 9-15 % CP
Lambs 11-20% CP

6. Protein Sources
Intake
protein
Microbial
protein

7. Intake Protein
Undegraded (UIP)
Degraded (DIP)

8. Intake Protein Ingredient % CP %UIP Corn 7.5 40 Alfalfa hay 14-22 15
SBM
CGM
DDG/S
P.Blood meal
Urea

9. Value of Protein Sources for UIP
Conc. %
% CP % UIP
Grass Pasture
Alfalfa Hay
Dehydrated Alfalfa
Corn
SBM 44, Solvent
SBM 44, Expeller
CGM
Blood Meal
Fish Meal

10. Intake Protein Quality
Urea versus SBM
Quality is determined by how well the AA composition matches animal needs.
Biological value

11. Microbial Protein Quality
Biological
Value
.66

12. Microbial Protein Yield
TDN intake x .13
40-80 % total protein
Rumen N
requirement
9-13% CP diet

13. Maximizing Microbial Protein Yield
Energy: Protein Ratio
TDN
Concentration % CP
50% 7.8
65% 9.8
80% 12.1
.13 lbs microbial crude protein/lb TDN

14. Protein Nutrition Why do we care? Deficiency reduces production
depressed forage digestion
Excess increases main.,
$$$$$ and
environment

15. NPN Precautions <1/3 of total protein intake
must have fermentable energy
increases need for S

16. Using information Protein needs with Alfalfa hay versus corn stalk
Corn stalks always need supplemental protein
Alfalfa hay seldom needs
supplemental protein

17. Iowa Hay Quality Survey
Hay type Crude protein TDN
Grass Ave. Range Ave. Range
1st cut (6-20) (47-67)
all others 15.2 ( ) 61.8 (57-70)
Mixed
1st (8-22) (41-69)
2nd (10-22) 59.6 (47-70)
3rd (11-23) 62.4 (49-73)
Legumes
1st (10-22) 56.7 (48-69)
2nd (14-22) 57.7 (45-68)
3rd (13-23) 59.4 (47-70)

18. New Sheep NRC Protein Requirements set based off of % UIP
More UIP the lower the total protein requirement

19. Using information Very high producing animals may need supplement UIP.
ex. Ewes rearing triplets
Economics
escape protein is expensive
Is extra production
worth cost?

20. Example lactation rations 8 pound yield
Ewe Alfalfa
Wt hay Corn
Hay is:
Premium grade
22% CP
60% TDN
175 RFV
Full fed
No weight loss

21. Energy and Protein vs. YieldM i l k Y e d
.37
.52
.66
.83
.93
1.10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2.35 TDN
1.86 TDN
1.28 TDN
Protein Intake, ewes losing weight

22. Milk Yield Results from Additional Protein
Protein Added
Protein Source .18 lbs lbs.
Urea
Nutmeal
Soybean Meal
Meat & Bone Meal
Lineseed Meal
Fish Meal
Blood Meal
145 lb. ewes rearing twins fed
base diet TDN 11.6% CP
Gonzalez et al. 1982

23. Cheap protein sources
cost/t cost/lb cost/ lb cp soybean meal $260 $.13 $ /(2000*.48) ddgs $135 $.0675 $.25 cgf $120 $.06 $.33 cgm $485 $.24 $.40 alfalfa hay $160 $.08 $.44

24. Cheap protein sources
cost/lb cost/lb CP UIP soybean meal $.27 $.90 ddgs $.25 $.45 cgf $.33 $1.10 cgm $.40 $.67 alfalfa hay $.44 $2.93

25. Questions?

26. Feeding ewes
Weight loss 2-6 weeks of lactation Test hays Sort by production levels Lactation phase is highest need Supplementation on crop residue Never feed protein tubs