1. Selecting the Right Nozzle SIC KNOWLEDGE--
Erdal Ozkan
Professor & Extension Agricultural Engineer
Dept. of Food Agricultural & Biological Engineering
I am Erdal Ozkan. A professor and Extension State Specialist at the Ohio State University. My area of research and teaching is pesticide application technology. In this presentation, I would like to give you an overall summary of why we should do a good job with application of pesticides, and what it takes to make a pesticide application effective and efficient. In some other presentations, I will focus more on some of the things I will highlight in this presentation

2. OSU Extension Publication FABE-528

3. Which Nozzle ?? Things to consider :
Application parameters (Rate, Spray pressure, Travel speed)
Type of chemical sprayed
Herbicides (soil incorporation, pre-post emergence)
Insecticides
Fungicides
Fertilizers and growth regulators
Mode of action of chemical
Systemic
Contact
Application type (broadcast, band, directed, air assisted)
Target Crop (field crops, vegetables, vineyard, shrubs, trees, etc.)
Spray drift risk
Label requirements (droplet size, nozzle type/size)

6. Nozzle recommendations

7. How to select the best nozzle?
XR Flat Fan
Step 1:
Select the nozzle type that will be most suitable for your application

8. Nozzle catalogs indicate the type of nozzle best for a given application type

9. What type?
Factor Three: Select the right equipment, and particularly the right type and size of nozzle for the job.
What size ? 9

10. Step 2:
Select the nozzle size that will deliver the desired application rate (GPA)

12. What size nozzle ? GPM = 5,940 W = inches of (GPA) x (MPH) X W
Nozzle spacing (for broadcast spraying)
Effective spray width (for single nozzle)
Row spacing / no. of nozzles per row
(directed spraying)

15. Step 3: How to select the best nozzle?
See droplet size charts in nozzle catalogs to determine the spray pressure range under which the nozzle must be operated to get the desired droplet size.

16. Spray Quality (Droplet size) (XR 110 Flat Fan Nozzle)
Colors
indicating
Nozzle
Size
Colors
indicating Droplet Size Class

17. Satisfying all the requirements such as:
droplet size class
low drift
pressure
application rate
May require changing the travel speed

18. Example: Determine: Product applied: A pre-emerge herbicide
Label requires Ultra Course (UC) droplets
Apply at 15 gpa
Nozzle type: Turbo TwinJet (TT)
Travel speed: 8 mph
Distance between two nozzles on the boom: 20”
Determine:
a) Nozzle types that are suitable for this situation
b) What are the size(s) of each nozzle type that can be used?
c) If more than one type/size can satisfy the conditions, which one of them is best suited? Why?

19. ANSWERS
What type?

20. ANSWERS
What type?

21. ANSWERS What type? Turbo TeeJet Induction (TTI)
Several FloodJet nozzles

22. ANSWERS What type? Turbo TeeJet Induction (TTI)
Several FloodJet nozzles
My Choice: TTI

23. ANSWERS
What size?

24. What size nozzle ? GPM = 15 gpa X 8 mph X 20” 5940 GPM = 0.4 GPM =
(GPA) x (MPH) X W
GPM =
5,940
GPM = 15 gpa X 8 mph X 20”
5940
GPM = 0.4

25. ANSWERS
b) What size?

29. 8 mph
Ultra
Coarse
drops
~15 gpa

30. Example: Which nozzle is the best choice?
Product applied: Contact herbicide
Label requires medium droplets
Apply 10 gpa
Nozzle type: Turbo TwinJet (TT)
DRIFT is a concern
Which nozzle is the best choice?

31. Pressure (psi)
Two best choices:
Size Size 3

32. Example: Systemic Product; 10 gpa, Turbo TeeJet (TT) Nozzle
Nozzle choices / Operating conditions:
Size 3, 50 psi, 10 mph
Size 2, 30 psi, 5mph

33. If the drift is not a concern, what kind of operating conditions would be best?

34. Pressure (psi)
Smaller droplets give better coverage which is best for contact herbicides, fungicides and insecticides.
Size Size 3

35. Pressure (psi)
REQUIREMENTS:
Contact herbicide, 10 gpa, MEDIUM spray quality.
Choose the nozzle and operate it under a pressure that will give droplets in the “MEDIUM” category, but closer to the “FINE” category.
Size Size 3

36. Example: Systemic Product; 10 gpa, Turbo TeeJet (TT) Nozzle
Nozzle choices / Operating conditions:
Size 2, 60 psi, ~ 7 mph
75 psi, 8 mph
Size 3, 75 psi, 12 mph

37. Application Rate: 10 gpa Medium size droplets:
7.14 mph 10
Application Rate: 10 gpa
Medium size droplets:
Size 2, 60 psi, mph

38. MPH1 x GPA1 = MPH2 x GPA2 Application Rate: 10 gpa
Medium size droplets:
Size 2, 60 psi, mph
MPH1 x GPA1 = MPH2 x GPA2

39. MPH1 x GPA1 = MPH2 x GPA2 ? 6 x 11.9 = MPH2 x 10 10
Application Rate: 10 gpa
Size 2, 60 psi, ?? mph
(estimated speed: between 6 and 8 mph)
MPH1 x GPA1 = MPH2 x GPA2
x = MPH2 x
6 X 11.9
MPH2 = 10
MPH2 = 7.14

40. Application Rate: 15 gpa Size 2 nozzle on the sprayer
Travel speed: 5 mph.

41. GPA Application Rate: 15 gpa Size 2 nozzle on the sprayer
Travel speed: 5 mph.
GPA

42. What is the PRECISE pressure ??15
Application Rate: 15 gpa
Size 2, 5 mph. ?? psi,
What is the PRECISE pressure ??

43. What is the PRECISE pressure ??15
Application Rate: 15 gpa
Size 2, 5 mph. ?? psi,
(estimated pressure: between 60 and 75 psi)
What is the PRECISE pressure ??

44. (GPA1)2 x PSI2 = PSI1 x (GPA2)2 (14.3)2 x PSI2 = 60 x (15)2 15
Application Rate: 15 gpa
Size 2, 5 mph. ?? psi,
(estimated pressure: between 60 and 75 psi)
(GPA1)2 x PSI2 = PSI1 x (GPA2)2
(14.3)2 x PSI2 = x (15)2
60 X (15)2
PSI2 =
(14.3)2
PSI2 = 66

45. Conclusions: Effective pest control depends on:
Identifying the pest
Selecting the right chemical
Selecting the right equipment / nozzles
Applying at the right time
Applying the right amount, uniformly.

46. Nozzles significantly affect:
Flow rate
Droplet size
Spray pattern
Spray uniformity
Efficacy
Efficiency
Drift

47. Which Nozzle ?? Things to consider :
Application parameters (Rate, Spray pressure, Travel speed)
Type of chemical sprayed
Herbicides (soil incorporation, pre-post emergence)
Insecticides
Fungicides
Fertilizers and growth regulators
Mode of action of chemical
Systemic
Contact
Application type (broadcast, band, directed, air assisted)
Target Crop (field crops, vegetables, vineyard, shrubs, trees, etc.)
Spray drift risk
Label requirements (droplet size, nozzle type/size)

48. Use the charts in Nozzle catalogs to determine the best :
nozzle type
nozzle size
spray quality
To satisfy various label requirements and recommendations

49. Chose the right size and type of nozzle:
-- For higher efficacy
-- For low drift potential
-- To comply with the spray quality
requirement on the label

50. Dept. of Food, Agricultural & Biological Engineering
Erdal Ozkan
Professor and Extension Agric. Engineer