1. William of Ockham

2. William of Ockham “Plurality should not be assumed without necessity”.
Ockham’s Razor                             

3. Literature during the Late Middle Ages
Literature: Petrarch and Boccaccio in Italy, Chaucer in England
Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales (c. 1385)
31 travelers making a pilgrimage to Canterbury.
Most of them tell a tale that suits their character.
Most of the tales are comical and involve contemporary character stereotypes.
Provides an illustrative cross-section of society.

4. Literature during the Late Middle Ages
Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron (c. 1351)
Ten young men and women leave the plague-ridden town for a country house, where they tell stories to pass the time.
10 storytellers, 10 tales each = 100 stories.
Light, comical tales commenting on contemporary morals and character types.
Some, but not all, have moral lessons.

5. Boccaccio

6. Painting during the Late Middle Ages
Painting: Giotto, whose paintings was directed against the prevailing Italo-Byzantine style. He turned this painting style, with its two dimensional , lifeless quality, into a three dimensional art.
Flemish paintings of Jan van Eyck and Hans Memling

7. Giotto
Meeting at the Golden Gate

8. Giotto

9. Jan van Eyck