1. Beyond Virginia: Revisiting The South
Maryland, the Carolinas and Georgia

2. Starter – September 4th
Why would the middle colonies become the most diverse? How did the Quakers influence this?

4. Settling Maryland
Founded in 1634 by George Calvert who started a charter but didn’t live to see it come true. He believed all people should have religious freedom.
King Charles I was king and didn’t agree with the religious freedom.
In 1649, the Toleration Act was passed that guaranteed equality of rights for everyone for religion.

5. Settling The Carolinas
Charles town was formed in 1670
Settled by the descendants of Englishmen who had colonized Barbados.
Barbados’s primary export was sugar, and its plantations were worked by slaves.
Initially, the economy was based on trading furs and providing food for the West Indies
By the middle of the 18th century, large rice- growing plantations worked by African slaves created an economy and culture that resembled the West Indies

6. The Caribbean Connection
Although Carolina was geographically closer to the Chesapeake colonies, it was culturally closer to the West Indies in the seventeenth century since its early settlers—both blacks and whites—came from Barbados.

7. Democratic North Carolina
Settled by Virginians and developed into a Virginia-like colony
Farmers from VA and New England established small, self-sufficient tobacco farms
Region had few good harbors and poor transportation so there were fewer large plantations and less reliance on slavery
By the 18th century, the colony earned a reputation for democratic views and autonomy from British control

8. Settling Georgia
James Oglethorpe wanted debtors to have a new start in life instead of going to prison.
He and 20 other trustees received a charter to settle Georgia.
Georgia’s population included former debtors, impoverished British craftspeople, religious refugees from Germany and Switzerland.
By 1770 nearly half of the population was made of enslaved Africans.

9. The Last Colony
A proprietary colony and the only colony to receive direct financial support from the home government in London
Set up for 2 reasons
Defensive buffer
Rid England’s overcrowded jails of debtors
Colony did not thrive because of the constant threat of Spanish attack
Taken over by the British government in when Oglethorpe and his group gave up
Bans on slavery and rum dropped
Colony grew slowly by adopting the plantation system of South Carolina