1. The 13 Colonies and the British Empires

2. Types of Colonies
Under the British Monarch 3 major types of colonies were financed in the New World
Corporate Colonies– funded by joint stock companies.
Royal Colonies—direct rule of the king
Proprietary Colonies– individuals under a royal charter

3. Chesapeake Colonies Maryland Virginia
Proprietary colony under the control of Lord Baltimore
Act of toleration: accepting of all Christian religions in the colony
Protestant revolt leads to the loss of voting right for Catholics
Economic problems– over production of tobacco
Political problems– Bacon’s rebellion against Sir William Berkley
Lasting class differences and resistance to the royal colony

4. Labor Shortages in the Colonies
Tobacco is labor intensive; uneven number of men and women
Indentured Servants: working off passage to the New World, and room and board
Headright system: 50 acres of land to anyone who pays for their passage or a plantation owner who pays for another persons passage
Slaves: 1619 start of slave trade; initially treated the same as white indentured servants

6. Development of New England
Dissenters—Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson create more excepting colonies
Halfway Covenant: Generation born in the New World with less connection to the Puritan message
Connecticut established in order to promote religious acceptance and representative government
New Hampshire established by King Charles II to gain more royal control in the colonies

7. Conflict in New England
New England confederation created in defense ( ) because of lack of protection from the crown
King Philips War: thousands are killed on both sides
The killing of “King Philip” (Metacom) ended Native American resistance

8. Restoration—17th Century Colonies
New York and New Jersey
Charles II wants to consolidate the colonies on the Atlantic coast—Dutch do not resist
New York is under the control of the Duke of York (James II)
New Jersey was originally 2 separate religiously tolerant colonies that were combine in1702
The Carolinas
Developed from proprietors
SC based on fur trade and large rice plantations
NC based on small self- sufficient tobacco farms

9. Pennsylvania and DelawarePA
Quakers and William Penn
Religious toleration “Society of Friends”
“The Holy Experiment” DE
Penn granted lower colonies their own assembly
Same governor as PA

10. Georgia
Created as as protective boarder between Spanish Florida and the growing plantations in S.C.
Used to outsource the over crowded prisons of London

11. Acts of Trade and Navigation
Mercantilism in the Empire
Effects
Trade only to be carried out by England
All goods passed through England
Specified good could only go to England such as tobacco
Positive: Shipbuilding and tobacco industries prospered and colonies were militarily protected
Negative: Low profit, limited manufacturing, high prices
Acts not strictly enforced— Dominion of New England

12. Growth of Slavery Reduced Migration Dependable work force
Need for cheap labor
Development of first slave laws
Triangular Trade System