1. Water Use Efficiency in the Industrial Sector
Rita Roy Choudhury
Senior Director
Head – Environment, Climate Change, Renewable Energy & Water Division, FICCI
Head – India Sanitation Coalition Secretariat,
India Water Week
April 8, 2016

2. Key Drivers for Water Use Efficiency in Industries
Business risks
Poor Availability or Non-Availability of Fresh Water
Higher Specific Water Consumption
Increasing Cost of Pumping & treatment
High Effluent Discharge
Restriction on effluent disposal to any Recipient Media
Leakages & Spillages
Corporate Image
Many sectors are continuously minimizing their water footprint thus setting standards for SPECIFIC WATER CONSUMPTION in their units.

3. Initiatives by industry to improve water use efficiency: Case Studies

4. Cement Sector

5. Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Limited
Year
Water use in industrial process only (in m3)
Water use in utilities and other services (in m3)
Actual production of the plant (tonnes)
Specific water consumption (m3 per unit of production)
160735
24886
0.13 m3/T
153268
21114
0.11 m3/T
133139
13662
0.10 m3/T
Birla Cements Works
Year
Water use in industrial process only (in m3)
Water use in utilities and other services (in m3)
Actual production of the plant (tonnes)
Specific water consumption (m3 per unit of production)
262990
117111
0.16 m3/T
335688
166813
0.18 m3/T
366429
127083
0.14 m3/T

6. Measures taken in the cement sector
Process optimization for water saving
Utilization of STP discharge
Stepwell for artificial discharge
Water-cooled condensers replaced with air-cooled condensers
Roof water harvesting
Awareness generation and capacity building:
Developing awareness among employees
Adopting best practices
Micro-level monitoring
Appreciation & reward scheme
Cross functional focus team on water improvement

7. Oil & Gas Sector

8. Indian Oil Corporation Limited
Year
Water use in industrial process only (in m3)
Water use in utilities and other services (in m3)
Actual production of the plant
Specific water consumption (m3 per unit of production)- Fresh Water MT
1.01 m3/MT MT
1.23 m3/MT MT
1.22 m3/MT
Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited
Year
Water use in industrial process only (in m3)
Water use in utilities and other services (in m3)
Actual production of the plant (tonnes)
Specific water consumption (m3 per unit of production)
196843
141149
2.50 (MMToE)
238715
136702
2.46 (MMToE)
175536
141313
2.51 (MMToE)

9. Measures taken by the oil & gas sector
100% reuse of treated effluent of ETP-1 & ETP-2
Re-use of UF backwash and RO feed
Re-use of stripped sour water in coke-cutting and as wash water
Rain water harvesting in refinery and township areas
Awareness generation and capacity building

10. Chemicals Sector

11. Water Use Efficiency in Chemicals Sector
Lanxess India Pvt Ltd.
Tata Chemicals Ltd. ,
Year
Production capacity (MT)
Specific water consumption (m3/MT consumption)
2899
47.97
9352
33.71
16660
21.41
Year
Production capacity (million MT)
Specific water consumption (m3/MT consumption)
1.85
0.92
2.09
0.76
2.36
0.39

12. Water Use Efficiency in Chemicals Sector
At TCL’s Mithapur plant, Gujarat more than 97% requirement is met through sea water and water generated through vacuum evaporation, thermal distillation, etc.
Across the sector measures undertaken range from: groundwater remediation, rain water harvesting, reuse of polymer effluent, etc.

13. Beverages Sector

14. PepsiCo India Holdings
Year
Water use in industrial process only (in m3)
Water use in utilities and other services (in m3)
Actual production of the plant (cases)
Specific water consumption (m3 per ‘000 cases)
92370
14607
13.4
77583
12238
12.9
79871
13310
12.2
Water conservation
Rain water harvesting- both surface and roof water
100% backwash water recovery
Recovery system for seal cooling water, vacuum pump water and rinse water

15. Challenges: Industrial Sector Water Demand
Increasing water demands due to population pressure and Urban Sprawl
Industrial growth
Increasing Irrigation and Agriculture demands
Over exploitation of water resources
Capacity Building and Skills
Water quality for various applications and availability
Political and Regulatory disputes
Effective recycling and reuse by industry and need for cost effective technology

16. Water Requirement Projections (Mm3/year)
Category of industry
Water requirement (2010) (Actual)
Projected water requirement (2025)
(change in % over 2010)
Water requirement
(2050)
Iron & Steel
(3%)
(106%)
Smelters
24.14
32.31 (34%)
44.35 (84%)
Textiles & Jute
(93%)
(147%)
Leather Products
65.74
93.08 (42%)
(125%)
Inorganic Chemicals
(109%)
(-62%)
Pharmaceuticals
209.25
(32%)
(105%)
Distillery
66.31
(380%)
(7747%)
Paper & Pulp
207.00
(4847%)
(9315%)
Source: Twelfth Plan Working Group on Water

17. FICCI Water Mission Launched in 2011
Chaired by Naina Lal Kidwai, Past President, FICCI & Former Chairperson, HSBC India
Members from industry, private sector water companies and service providers, multilateral and bilateral agencies, and experts
The Mission has three Task Forces:
Water Efficiency
Private Sector Participation in Water
Water Stewardship

18. Initiatives of FICCI Water Mission
Policy recommendations to the government
Stakeholder dialogues and consultations
Annual FICCI Water Awards – 3 editions held (recognizes excellence in water conservation and management among industry, communities, and NGOs)
FICCI-HSBC Knowledge Series on Sector specific case studies of water use efficiency
Thermal Power Plants
Agriculture
Chemicals & Petrochemicals
FICCI Water Conclave – an annual platform for policy dialogue and sharing of best practices
Capacity building programmes for specific sectors
Case Studies of water efficiency, conservation and management from industry, community-led or community-focused initiatives, and NGO engagement
Reports/White Papers on topical themes (latest to be launched is the FICCI-2030 Water Resources Group White Paper on Urban Wastewater PPPs, released at India Water Week on April 6, 2016)
Bilateral business dialogue on water conservation and management with visiting country delegations
FICCI has a Resource Conservation and Management Division that carries out industry specific water audits and training programmes on water management

19. Suggested Policy Interventions
Groundwater management: Revision of Model Ground Water Act of 2005 to address the fundamental problem of limiting groundwater extraction
Groundwater management has to be implemented through a mix of regulatory interventions and economic tools.
Implementation of the interventions has to be done by a high level of user participation.
Incentives and penalty: Methods to incentivize conservation and penalize wastage have to be developed
Incentives can be provided to communities, utilities, states, and industry associations adopting water harvesting and conservation measures.
Incentives can be in form of priority and speedy implementation of development works and schemes, relief in taxes, etc.
Enhancing investments in Water sector: Prioritize available public investment towards the construction and maintenance of water infrastructure and facilities.
Measures have to be taken to encourage private investments from interested groups to improve inefficiencies in water supply, distribution and cost recovery.

20. E: watermission@ficci.com; rita.roychoudhury@ficci.com
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