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Published byKaren Fleming Modified over 6 years ago
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Real-time Online Two-way Braille-to-Print Mathematical Communication
Sam Dooley, Pearson Susan Osterhaus, TSBVI Dan Brown, Pearson Edgar Lozano, Pearson Su Park, Pearson
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Braille math is hard! Blind students need:
A level playing field for STEM instruction To read and write online braille math To interact with sighted instructors and peers To participate in online activities
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Braille math should be math!
Math concepts are independent of notation Braille math codes capture all math notation Math software can be independent of notation Blind students only have full access if their math is treated the same as printed math.
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Normalizing Braille Math
Online equation editor software component Real-time, two-way braille math translation Accessible to both sighted and blind users Content MathML Nemeth Braille
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Braille Math Demo Blind user can create math for a sighted user
Sighted user can create math for a blind user Instantaneous interactions with math content
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Content MathML Presentation encodes signs/symbols
Content encodes functional structure Content markup is harder to create Content markup is easier to process
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Equation Editor WYSIWYG entry for math expressions
Keyboard input into Content MathML Content MathML to Presentation MathML Display MathML in a browser (MathJax)
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Math into Braille Starting from content (functional) markup
Braille becomes just another output format Display as print and braille simultaneously From the exact same content markup
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Braille into Math Input to create content (functional) markup
Braille becomes just another key event Input from QWERTY or braille interchangeably To create the exact same content markup
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Braille math is math! Blind students can read the same math
Blind students can create the same math The math can be shared the same way The math can be scored the same way Blind students now have full access since their math is the same as printed math.
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User Interface Issues Incomplete expressions Input position indicator
Keyboard navigation Expression selection Cut/copy/paste/delete
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Further work Combining text and math content
Additional math symbols (limit, diff, int) Braille math usability Braille math discoverability Spatial arrangements Tactile graphics
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Applications Electronic textbooks Classroom lecture notes
Homework submission Grading (online/offline) Online high-stakes assessment Real-time classroom translation Nemeth Braille curriculum
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Braille Hints Demo Math palettes and buttons
Button descriptions as text labels Button descriptions with braille dots Users can be reminded of the braille Users can learn the braille by using the tool
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Can I use it? http://accessibility.pearson.com/mathex-app/
Web-based accessible equation editor Stand-alone desktop version (in progress) Chrome, Firefox, NVDA (for now) Try it online, give us feedback
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To Be Continued … A Comparison of Nemeth Braille and UEB Math for Online Math Software Sam Dooley, Susan Osterhaus, Corey Fauble
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