1. Mohamed Ali Daw, MD, PhD, FTCDI,MPS
Prevalence of Human Immune Deficiency Virus in Immigrants Crossing to Europe from North and Sub-Saharan Africa
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Mohamed Ali Daw, MD, PhD, FTCDI,MPS
Department of Medical Microbiology &Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli-LIBYA

2. Summary
A serum samples were collected from African immigrants coming from North and Sub-Saharan Africa resided in Tripoli-Libya ( )
Each serum sample was tested for anti-HIV antibody.
The data was correlated with demographic and potential risk factors within the recruited individuals.
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3. Why this study is important ?
A rare study highlighting the status HIV infections among immigrants before the final settlement in EU countries
The study could be used as a vehicle for further understanding to the epidemiology of HIV in African countries which rarely studied.
This is more likely to influence EU countries health care system regarding viral screening and guide lines HIV infection
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4. Background
Sub-Saharan Africa have been considered to harbor the highest prevalence of HIV.
Mass migration has been on the upswing in recent years particularly from North and sub-Saharan Africa.
HIV infections among African immigrants are rarely studied particularly before resettlement.
The study aimed to determine 1-the prevalence of HIV among African immigrants gather in Libya on their way to Europe 2- HIV-HCV coinfection and genotypes among HIV infected immigrants and its correlation different demographic factors.
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5. Methods Population studied
Region/Country
No. of immigrants/Year
Sample size (%)
Ratio*
2013
2014
2015
Central Africa
Chad
379
978
1200
2557
1:6
Central Africa total
2557 (18)
West Africa
Burkina Faso/Ivory Coast
160
177
230
567
1:25
Niger /Mali
750
1038
1687
3475
1:4
Nigeria/Ghana
300
305
346
951
1:13
West Africa total
1210
1520
2263
4993 (35.2)
1:3
Horn of Africa (East Africa)
Eritrea
320
250
227
797
1:18
Somalia
660
715
637
2012
1:7
Ethiopia
270
215
1:20
East Africa total
1250
1195
1097
3.524 (24.8)
North Africa
Nile River Region
Egypt
326
153
138
617
1:23
Sudan
459
580
859
1898
Maghreb Region
Maghreb countries **
238
197
181
616
North Africa total
1023
930
1178
3131 (22)
Total
3862 (27.2)
4623 (32.5)
5720 (40.3)
14205
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6. HCV(%)in HIV infected immigrants
Results
Prevalence of HIV and HIV-HCV co infections in African immigrants crossing to Europe from North and Sub-Saharan Africa;
Region/Country
Prevalence of
HCV(%)in HIV infected immigrants
Sample size (%)
HIV
HIV/HCV
Central Africa
Chad
2557
35 (1.4)
9(0.4)
25.7
Central Africa total
2557(180)
West Africa
Burkina Faso/Ivory Coast
567
44(7.8)
20 (3.5)
45.5
Niger /Mali
3475
53(1.5)
19(0.5)
35.8
Nigeria/Ghana
951
57(6%)
22(2.3)
38.6
West Africa total
4993 (35.2)
154 (3.1)
61(1.2 )
39.6
Horn of Africa (East Africa)
Eritrea
797
18(2.3)
9 (1.1)
50.0
Somalia
2012
40(2)
12 (0.6)
30.0
Ethiopia
715
37 (5.2)
11 (1.5)
29.7
East Africa total
3524 (24.8)
95 (2.7)
32(0.9)
33.7
North Africa
Nile River Region
Egypt
617
4(0.7)
1(0.2)
25.0
Sudan
1898
16(0.8)
5(0.3)
31.3
Maghreb Region
Maghreb countries **
616
5(0.8)
20.5
North Africa total
3131 (22)
25 (0.8)
7(0.3)
28.0
Total
14205
309(2.3)
109(0.8)
35.3
frame)
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7. The prevalence of HCV genotypes in immigrants co-infected with HIV/HCV crossing to Europe from North and Sub-Saharan Africa
Region
No. strains
Known
HCV genotypes
Unknown 1 2 3 4 5
mixed
Central Africa 9 7
West Africa 61 57 27 19
Horn of Africa 32 29 12 8
North Africa
Total (%)
109
98 (90 )
47 (48)
11 (11.2)
31 (31.6)
9 (8.3)
11 (10.1)
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8. Concepts and future steps
A higher prevalence of HIV and HIV-HCV co-infections with distinct variation among immigrants.
Further studies on following up the epidemiology of HIV among immigrants during final resettlement are needed.
Neoliberal policies of HIV prevention should be introduced and extended beyond the European borders to reach Africa
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