1. Plant and Animal Cells

2. Plant and Animal Cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, like bricks in a wall.

3. Structure is the shape and form, and function is the job that it does.
Plant and Animal Cells
Structure is the shape and form, and function is the job that it does.

4. Plant and Animal Cells
The invention of the microscope around 1590 made it possible for people to discover and learn about cells.

5. Robert Hooke was one of the first people to observe cells.
Plant and Animal Cells
Robert Hooke was one of the first people to observe cells.

6. Hooke looked at a piece of cork through a microscope.
Plant and Animal Cells
Hooke looked at a piece of cork through a microscope.

7. Plant and Animal Cells
Hooke thought that the cork looked like tiny rectangular rooms, which he called cells.

8. Plant and Animal Cells
Scientists developed the cell theory, which explains the relationship between cells and living things.

9. Plant and Animal Cells
The cell theory is true for all living things, no matter how big or small.

10. Even my fur is made of cells!
Plant and Animal Cells
The cell theory states:
All living things are composed of cells.
Even my fur is made of cells!

11. The cell theory states:
Plant and Animal Cells
The cell theory states:
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.

12. The cell theory states: All cells are produced from other cells.
Plant and Animal Cells
The cell theory states:
All cells are produced from other cells.

13. Plant and Animal Cells
The lens (or lenses) in a light microscope magnifies an object by bending the light that passes through it (them).

14. Inside each cell there are smaller structures called organelles.
Plant and Animal Cells
Inside each cell there are smaller structures called organelles.

15. Organelles are a lot like the internal organs of the cell.
Plant and Animal Cells
Organelles are a lot like the internal organs of the cell.

16. Plant and Animal Cells
The organelles function to produce energy, build and transport needed materials, and store and recycle wastes.

17. Plant cells and animal cells have mostly the same organelles.
Plant and Animal Cells
Plant cells and animal cells have mostly the same organelles.

18. Plant and Animal Cells
The main difference between plant cells and animal cells is the presence of a cell wall and choloplasts.

19. Plant Cells
Cell wall- a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants. It protects and supports the cell. It gives plant cells a definite shape.

20. Plant Cells

21. The cell wall is a rigid structure outside the cell membrane
Plant Cells
The cell wall is a rigid structure outside the cell membrane

22. Plant and Animal Cells
Cell membrane- It is like a window screen. It controls what substances come into and out of the cell. In plant cells, it is just inside the cell wall .

23. Plant and Animal Cells
The cell membrane allows only certain materials to move in and out of the cell

24. Plant and Animal Cells
Cytoplasm- A clear, thick gel-like fluid that fills a cell. Most organelles are found here.

25. Plant and Animal Cells
Cytoplasm is the gel-like material inside the cell (but unlike gelatin it does flow)

26. Plant and Animal Cells
Nucleus- a large oval structure that is the cell’s control center, directing all of the cell’s activities. It is like the cell’s brain. There is a nuclear membrane that protects what goes in and out of the nucleus.

27. Plant and Animal Cells
The nucleus is the like the cell’s manager. It controls the cell’s activities.
The Manager, Mr. Nucleus

28. Plant Cell Animal Cell Nucleus

29. Plant and Animal Cells
Chromatin- Thin strands floating in the nucleus that contain genetic material that is the instruction that directs the functions of a cell.

30. Plant and Animal Cells

31. Nucleolus- a small structure in the nucleus that makes ribosomes
Plant and Animal Cells
Nucleolus- a small structure in the nucleus that makes ribosomes

32. Plant and Animal Cells

33. Plant and Animal Cells
Mitochondria- rod-shaped structures that produce the energy that the cell needs to carry out its functions.

34. Plant and Animal Cells
mitochondria

35. mitochondria

36. Mitochondria are often called the “powerhouses” of the cell.
Plant and Animal Cells
Mitochondria are often called the “powerhouses” of the cell.

37. Muscle cells have a lot of mitochondria.
Plant and Animal Cells
Muscle cells have a lot of mitochondria.

38. Plant and Animal Cells
Endoplasmic reticulum- A maze of passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one point of the cell to another.

39. Plant and Animal Cells
The endoplasmic reticulum is like a system of conveyors moving materials from one place to another.

40. Plant Cell
Animal Cell

41. Plant and Animal Cells
Ribosomes- Grainlike particles that are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum that produce proteins

42. Plant and Animal Cells

43. Plant and Animal Cells
Golgi Bodies- Structures in the endoplasmic reticulum that look like flattened sacs and tubes.

44. Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Plant and Animal Cells
Golgi Body

45. Plant and Animal Cells
They receive proteins and other new materials and distribute them to other parts of the cell.

46. They are like the cell’s mailroom.
Plant and Animal Cells
They are like the cell’s mailroom.

47. Golgi Bodies package and move proteins
Plant and Animal Cells
Golgi Bodies package and move proteins

48. Plant Cells
Chloroplasts- large green structures that float in the cytoplasm. They make plants green and capture the sun’s energy for photosynthesis.

49. Plant Cells
Chloroplast

50. Plant Cells
This photograph of elodea (a waterplant) has many green dots visible within the cells. These are the chloroplasts.

51. Plant and Animal Cells
Vacuoles- A large, round, water-filled sac that is the storage area of the cell. They store food, water, and waste of the cell.

52. Plant Cells

53. Plant and Animal Cells
Lysosomes- small round structures that contain chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones.

54. They are like the cell’s cleanup crew.
Plant and Animal Cells
They are like the cell’s cleanup crew.

55. Plant and Animal Cells
A Lysosome acts as a wrecking ball that breaks apart wastes or worn out cell parts.

56. Each type of cell has a different function.
Plant and Animal Cells
Each type of cell has a different function.

57. Plant and Animal Cells
The cells have a unique structure that is best suited for the function it carries out.

58. Plant and Animal Cells
For example, nerve cells have long projections that allow them to pass messages from one cell to another.

59. Animal Cell

60. Plant Cell

61. You better not fail this test!
Study the Cell Parts
You better not fail this test!