1. waste plastics and scrap tires
Pyrolysis: Production of fuels by co-pyrolysis of
waste plastics and scrap tires
Muhammad Imran Ahmad*, Syed Ali Shah, Hammad Ur Rahman, Muhammad Usama
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
Aim of the Project
Process Flow Diagram
Results
To design process for pyrolysis of waste plastics and scrap tires.
Table 2 Ultimate and proximate analysis
of plastics
Introduction
Ultimate Analysis
Proximate Analysis
Feed Stocks C H O V FC A M
HHV (MJ/Kg) PE
85.5
14.5 -
99.8
0.1
0.0
46.4 PP
85.8
14.2
82.6
17.2
37.6 PS
92.2
7.8
99.5
0.2
0.3
39.0
Plastic is composed of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and can be molded into solid objects. Scrap tires are composed of synthetic and natural rubber, fabric, wire, carbon black, and other chemical compounds.
Waste plastics and scrap tires in Pakistan
According to a report on municipal waste of Pakistan 20,034,120 tons of waste is produced per year.
In Peshawar 3.7wt.% of MSW are plastics (Year 2004 data).
Table 3 ultimate and proximate analysis of scrap tires (Ahmad, 2013)
Proximate Analysis
Ultimate Analysis
Fixed Carbon C
Volatile Matter H
Ash S
Moisture N
GCV (MJ/kg)
Others
Figure 1 Image of local waste tires and
plastics before and after processing
Figure 5 Flow chart for pyrolysis of plastics
Methodology
Literature Study
Experimentation
Material Balances
Energy Balances
Design Calculations
Cost Estimation
Instrumentation & Control
HAZOP Study
Table 4 Influence of the heating rate on the pyrolysis oil and solid products (Li et al. 2015) S. No
Heating rate/K min
Oil yield wt.%
Oil heating value
MJ/ kg
Yield of solid wt.%
Heating value of solid
MJ/kg 1 15
23.43
32.47
42.42
19.08 25
37.42
39.05
43.70
17.93 2
33.77
39.93
39.50
21.64
42.22
40.19
43.18
18.18
Literature Review
Figure 6 Schematic showing sequence
of different steps for project
Pyrolysis
Condensation
Shredding
Pyrolysis unit
Waste plastics
Scrap tires
Other waste
Separation
Storage
Raw Materials
Experimentation
Work Schedule
Figure 2 Effect of time on product yield
(Filipe Paradela 2009)
The process will be selected after further literature review (October 2016).
After selection we will carry experimental work (November 2016).
Material balances and energy balances will be carried out in December 2016.
Design calculations will be carried out in January-February 2017.
Cost estimation, and HAZOP study would be competed in March-April 2017.
S. No
Operating Parameter
Value 1
Temperature C 2
Time (min)
15 min 3
Heating
rate (C/min) 20
References
Figure 3 Picture pyrolysis unit
Table 1 Operating parameters
Filipe Paradela, Filomena Pinto, Ana M. Ramos, I. Gulyurtlu, I. Cabrita. Study of the slow batch pyrolysis of mixtures of plastics, tyres and forestry biomass wastes 85 (2009) 392–398.
Huiyan Zhang, Rui Xiao, Jianlong Nie, Baosheng Jin, Shanshan Shao, Guomin Xiao. Catalytic pyrolysis of black-liquor lignin by co-feeding with different plastics in a fluidized bed reactor 192 (2015) 68–74.
Shahzad Ahmad*, Muhammad Imran Ahmad Desulfurization of Oils; Produced from Pyrolysis of Scrap Tires Vol. 6, No. 1, 2013, pp Houyang Li a, Xu Jiang a, Hairong Cui b, Fengyin Wang a, Xiuli Zhang c, Lin Yang, Cuiping Wang. Investigation on the co-pyrolysis of waste rubber/plastics blended with a stalk additive 115 (2015) 37–42.
Figure 7 pyrolysis unit
for experimental
work
(Zhang et al. 2015)
Figure 4 Temperature effect on product yield (Filipe Paradela 2009)
Sustainability in Process Industry (SPI’16), Chemical Engineering Department, UET Peshawar, Oct 19-20, 2016