1. You must be in class every day (if not, get what you missed off of the webpage)
Bueller

2. Mr. Summer’ teaching style!
Anyone, anyone?

3. A great way to study for tests!
Cheers--Albania with Coach and Sam

4. Unit 1 Foundations of United States Government
Chapter 1: Role of Government

5. Chapter 1: Role of Government Section 1: Government and the Public Good

6. What is Government?—5 components
Government: an institution with the power to make and enforce rules and regulations for a group of people
Rules apply to everyone with the political unit (state)
Sovereignty: the exclusive right of an independent state to reign supreme and base absolute power over a geographic region and its people
Laws: rules created or recognized by government
Public policy: what government decides to do or not do; government laws, rules, or expenditures

7. Origins of Government In past—kings and queens receive power from God
Legitimacy: rightful authority any government has over its citizens
1600’s: Thomas Hobbes’ social contract
People give up individual sovereignty to the state; in exchange, the state provides peace and order
John Locke: government gets its power from the people
Natural rights: government should protect natural rights of people; if not, people should revolt OR Basic rights the government can not deny

8. Thomas Hobbes—social contract theory

9. John Locke—Natural rights

10. Youtube video: difference between hobbes and locke

11. 5 Functions of Government
1. Maintaining order
Enforce laws that protect safety and security of people and property
Protect people from unfair business practice
Hiring/firing laws based of race, gender, religion
Regulate commerce and trade
Protect from foreign invasion
2. Providing services
Build roads
Inspects food and medicine
Mail
Assists needy
Builds schools

12. 5 Functions of Government
3. Resolving conflict
politics: the process by which people participating in gov. express opinions about what gov. should or should not do
court system
4. Promoting Values
values: basic principles by which people act and live their lives
gov. helps promote values by passing laws and setting policies
5. The Public Good
the public interest or the well-being of society as a whole
good gov. pursues policies for the good of the people
what is the common good??? All people have different views and gov. tries to figure it out

13. Chapter 1: Role of Government
Section 2: Forms of Government

14. Forms of Government Forms of Government Monarchies Democracies
Dictatorships
Theocracies

15. Form of Government
Definition
Source of Authority
Monarchy
Absolute: King/queen has absolute power
Constitutional: King/queen power limited by a Constitution
Birth/Passed down
Democracy
Presidential:
Executive and legislative branches are separate of each other
Chief executive is the president
Executive and legislative branches are chosen in separate elections
b Parliamentary:
Chief executive is prime minister
Executive is chose by the legislative branch (parliament)
The people /elections
Dictatorship
Power is with 1 or a small group of people
Force/secret police/no rights to the people
Theocracy
Political power in hands of religious leader
Religion

16. Countries and their form of government
CIA World Factbook

17. Power Among Levels of Government
Unitary System
central gov. holds all power
local gov. has no power
Federal System
National, state, and local gov. share powers
Confederate System
Each state is represented in a central organization
Central gov. carries out policies made by reps

18. Chapter 1: Role of Government
Section 3: Democracy

19. Forms of Democracy Direct democracy
Laws are made directly by all citizens
Representative democracy
People elect representatives to make decisions
US gov is representative democracy

20. Benefits of Democracy 1. Allowing Choice Free Elections Free Speech
2. Recognizing Individual Worth
All citizens are valued
People have opportunity to succeed or fail
3. Promote Respect for Law
If citizens participate in gov, they will respect the laws
Citizens can challenge the fairness of a law
4. Protecting Minority Rights
Majority rules
Minority rights are respected
5. Promoting the Public Good
If all citizens participate, decisions will be made to promote the public good