1. MATTER

2. States of Matter

3. Question ??
How are temperature and kinetic energy related?

4. Matter Kinetic theory anything that has mass and takes up space.
explains how particles in matter behave
All matter is composed of particles
Particles are in constant, random motion
Particles collide with each other and walls of their container

5. STATES OF MATTER STATE CHARACTERISTICS PARTICLES SOLID
Definite shape and
definite volume
Closely packed in
geometric arrangement
LIQUID
Indefinite shape and
Have more space and
slide pass each other
GAS
indefinite volume
Have energy to spread
out evenly in container
PLASMA
High temperature
gas
Positively and negatively
Charged
BOSE-EINSTEIN
CONDENSATE
Low temperature
Clumped together
all have same energy

6. The state of a sample of matter depends on temperature
related to the average kinetic energy of an object.
When the temperature increases kinetic energy increases and slows down or contracts when cooled.
# Exception to Rule: Water when cooled it expands

7. Composition of Matter

8. Question???
What's the difference between substances and mixtures?

9. Substance
type of matter with a fixed composition that cannot be separated by physical means

10. Element
substance made up of atoms with same identity 
Examples: gold, helium, aluminum

11. Compound
atoms of two or more elements chemically combined
Examples: water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2)

12. Mixture materials made of two or more substances that can separated by physical means

13. Heterogeneous
mixture in which different materials can be easily distinguished
Examples: Pizza, Fruit salad Granite

14. Homogeneous
mixture in which two or more substances are
Uniformly spread out
Examples: Vinegar, Salt water

15. Types Of Matter

17. Solution
homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot even be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of their container.
Examples: Vinegar,
Soda (unopened), and
Hydrogen Peroxide.

18. Colloid
type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in solution, but still too light to settle out.
Examples: Milk (Water & Fat)
Fog (Water & Air), Cool Whip 
# Detecting colloids is sometimes
difficult so shining a beam of
light at colloid will make the light
scatter – this scattering of light by
a colloid is called the Tyndall Effect.

19. Suspension
heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle.
Examples: Italian dressing,
muddy pond water,
chocolate milk.
* HINT: If it needs shaking to mix, then it’s a suspension

20. Describing Matter

21. Physical Property
characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the substance
Examples: color, size, shape, density, melting point, boiling point

22. Chemical Property
characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change
Examples: flammable, combustible, may react to light

23. Physical Change
a change in size, shape or state of matter; substance DOES NOT change identity when it undergoes physical change
Examples: melting ice,
cutting paper, breaking glass

24. Chemical Change
a change in one substance to another substance
Examples: fireworks explode, rusting metal

25. The Law of Conservation of Mass - says that the mass of ALL substances present before a chemical change equals mass of ALL substances after the change.