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GRAND instrumental challenges

Published byDorothy Hoover Modified over 6 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "GRAND instrumental challenges"— Presentation transcript:

1 GRAND instrumental challenges
Building & running a 90’000 units array over 60’000km²?

2 GRAND detector key concepts
Go large, go basic! Use as basic detection units as possible: Easier to deploy Easier to maintain Lower power consomption Less data to transfer Cheaper Some very preliminar ideas…

3 What infos do we really need?
Signal reconstruction with trig time (direction) & E-field amplitude (energy) Background discrimination with trigger pattern & polarization. IF so, only necessary information would be antenna trig time & waveforms (x,y,z) max amplitudes (or integral). (ie full waveform & frequency spectrum not relevant (?))… Only 4 words per detection unit!

4 GRAND antennas Broadband & sensitive → active antennas (a la SUBATECH)
Signal expected around horizon: limit lobe to few (~20?) degrees in zenith to improve signal/noise ratio & optimize threshold.

5 Readout electronics Selection/detection of EAS pulses (basic) ADC+FPGA
(Sharp) filter Pulse shape discriminator (short/long) Trigger system Amplitude detector / Integrator (basic) ADC+FPGA GPS but… how to reach ~ns time resolution? GHz clock synchronized with GPS? Beacon a la LOPES/AERA? (F Shroeder PhD thesis) Analog treatment

6 Data transfer Key is data volume.
IF 4 words x 12bits x 100Hz trig rate = 600 By/antenna/s No need for real time transfert. Data buffering possible to limit communications. Full array: 54 GBy/s (but offline fast coinc search may reduce data volume significantly) Technical solution? wireless UART? (see D. Gerard talk) Data flux/Bandwidth? … 1 concentrator for 500 units ~200 concentrators in total. Data handeling: concentrator sent to central DAQ by fiber GSM: today 80$/GBy in China  … to be discussed?

7 Budget for the detection unit
Element Power consumption Price Antenna - 10$ LNA ~500mW <10$ x3 Filter <20$ x3 Signal detection (shape selection & trigger) negligeable ~10$x3 ADC+FPGA ~150mW ~50$ GPS ~100mW <50$ Com. 10$ or ? Power generator: solar pannel (or wind mill?) Mechanics 100$ Cables, connectors & PCB Total ~ 1W 490$ Should remain below 2W & ~500$/unit.

8 P Lautridou @ Clermont Ferrand GHz electronics workshop 2011

9 P Lautridou @ Clermont Ferrand
GHz electronics workshop 2011

10

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