1. Dr Rania Gabr
Dr Samaulhaq

2. Objectives
Understand the formation of the shoulder joint and its type.
Explain the structures related to the shoulder joint.
Name the movements taking place on shoulder joint.
Define shoulder joint dislocation and subluxation.

3. Shoulder joint Articulation : Type: Synovial ball and socket
head of the humerus
glenoid cavity of the scapula.
Type: Synovial ball and socket

4. Capsule and ligaments of the Shoulder Joint
Glenohumeral Ligament
Transverse humeral Ligament
Coracohumeral Ligament
Coracoacromial Ligament

8. Capsule Surrounds joint and attached
Medially to the scapula beyond the supraglenoid tubercle and the margins of the labrum.
Laterally to the anatomical neck of humerus.
Thin and lax, allow wide range of movement.
Capsule
Strengthened by slips of tendons of subscapularis m., supraspinatus m., infraspinatus m. & teres minor (rotator cuff muscles).

9. Bursa: a closed sac or envelope, lined with synovium
Subdeltoid / Subacromial bursa.
Deltoid
Sub Acromial Bursa
Subdeltoid Bursa
Subscapularis
Bursa: a closed sac or envelope, lined with synovium
and containing fluid, usually in areas subject to friction.

10. BURSAE IN RELATION TO SHOULDER JOINT
They reduce friction between tendons, joint capsule & bone.
They are liable to be inflammed following injury of rotator cuff muscles.
Subscapularis bursa: between subscapularis tendon & capsule.
Infraspinatus bursa: between infraspinatus tendon & capsule.
Subacromial bursa: between deltoid, supraspinatus and capsule. 3 1 2

11. Capsule and ligaments of the Shoulder Joint

12. Stability NOT STABLE DUE TO:
Head of humerus is 3 times larger than glenoid cavity
Capsule is redundant.
Little ligamentous support.
Wide range of movement (it is the most mobile joint of the human body)
Main support: muscles around the joint (ROTATOR CUFF)

13. Movement of the Shoulder Joint

14. Clinical anatomy of the Shoulder Joint
Dislocation:
commonly dislocated due to it’s freedom of movement and instability.
Most common site of dislocation is inferior.
Cause: fall on shoulder-excessive extension and lateral rotation of shoulder.
Subluxation: A lesser degree of displacement.
Fracture: Fracture is a break in the structural continuity of bone.

15. A. Subluxation B. Partial dislocation C. Complete dislocation
Subluxation (A) Partial dislocation (B) Complete dislocation ©

16. Dislocation of shoulder joint