1. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: Intro to Macromolecules
Vocabulary
Important Words
Headings

2. What is organic chemistry?
The study of all compounds containing the element CARBON
Natural elements:
make up 96% of the mass of a human:
CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN , Phosphorus, Sulfur (C,H,O,N, P, S)
Trace elements:
only needed in small amounts, called “minerals”

3. What is organic chemistry?
The study of all compounds containing the element CARBON
One carbon atom can form four bonds with other atoms.

4. What is a macromolecule?
A giant molecule made up of 100’s or 1000’s or smaller units called MONOMERS
Monomers link together to form large POLYMERS
formed by polymerization

5. The types of macromolecules: 4 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS.
Ex:
One carbon atom can form four covalent
bonds with other atoms.
Ex:
basic structure
basic structure
CARBOHYDRATES
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Ex:
Ex:
basic structure
basic structure
LIPIDS
PROTEINS

6. Carbohydrates Compounds composed of CHO
Function – energy source, energy storage
Monomer – Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
EXAMPLES:
glucose
sucrose, lactose
glycogen, cellulose, chitin

7. LIPIDS Made up mainly of CHO Function –energy storage, insulation
Monomer – glycerol and fatty acid
EXAMPLES:
Fats (saturated vs. Unsaturated) and
Oils

8. PROTEINS Compounds composed of CHON Function – structural support;
cell growth;
transport substances;
communicate signals;
speed up reactions
Monomer amino acids
EXAMPLES: antibodies; hemoglobin; keratin; enzymes

9. Nucleic Acids Made up of the CHONP atoms
Function – store and transmit genetic information
Monomer – Nucleotide (contains 3 parts: Sugar, Phosphate, Base)
EXAMPLES:
DNA
RNA
ATP