1. 8.1 What Is a Chemical Reaction?
Chemical reaction: One or more substance(s) are converted into new substances.
What are…
Reactants
Products

2. 8.2 Reactants Transformed into Products?
Consider the reaction:
H2 + I2  2HI
What happens during a chemical reaction?

3. 8.3 Balancing Chemical Equations
Balanced chemical reaction: reactants and products must have equal numbers of each type of atom…why?
H2 + I2  HI

4. 8.3 Balancing Chemical Equations
What about 2H2 + 2I2  4HI?
What about this:

5. 8.2 Reactants Transformed into Products?
Reaction between molecules: What must happen?
Endothermic:
Exothermic:

6. 8.4 Types of Reactions Single-replacement reaction
An element replaces different one in a compound:
What do you know about the reactivity of Al?
2 Al + Fe2O3  Al2O3 + 2 Fe
Double-replacement reaction
Elements replace each other in two compounds:
PCl3 + 3AgF  PF3(aq) + AgCl (s)

7. Decomposition reaction
8.4 Types of Reactions
Decomposition reaction
One compound breaks down to two or more substances
2HgO(s)  2Hg(l) + O2(g)
Combination (aka addition/synthesis)
H2(g) + I2(g)  2 HI(g)

8. 8.4 Types of Reactions Combustion reaction
Products are often (but not always) H2Oand CO2

9. 8.5 Part 2: Precipitation Reactions
Precipitation reaction (double replacement)
Solid product forms from mixing two or more solutions
The solid that forms is the precipitate:
Ca(NO3)2(aq)+ 2NaF(aq)  2NaNO3(aq)+ CaF2(s)
Why is one product a precipitate?

10. 8.5 Solubility and Precipitation Reactions
Dissociation
This is what happens when compounds dissolve
NaCl(aq) means the
crystal dissociated
into Na+(aq) and Cl-(aq)
The ions are spread
throughout the mixture!

11. 8.5 Solubility and Precipitation Reactions
Mass of a substance that dissolves in water at a particular temperature
Some molecular compounds dissolve in water
Polar molecules that are similar to water…
Many ionic compounds dissolve in water

12. 8.5 Solubility and Precipitation Reactions

13. 8.5 Solubility and Precipitation Reactions
Double Replacement...is there a precipitate?
Pb(NO3) 2(aq) + NaI(aq)  PbI2 + NaNO3
-Balance the equation first and find out!

14. 8.5 Solubility and Precipitation Reactions
BALANCED Equation
Pb(NO3) 2(aq) + 2NaI(aq)  PbI2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)
Is either product insoluble?(check rules)
NaNO3 …
PbI2 …

15. 8.5 Ionic and Net Ionic Equations
Full Equation
Pb(NO3) 2(aq) + 2NaI(aq)  PbI2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)
Complete ionic equation…
Net Ionic Equation…

16. 8.5 Solubility and Precipitation Reactions
A solution of sodium sulfate is combined with a solution of barium chloride. Does a precipitate form?
Write equation and balance it
Determine if one product is insoluble
Write full ionic equation
Write net ionic equation
Identify the ppt.

17. 8.6 Introduction to Acid−Base Reactions
Substance that dissociates H+(aq)
Examples:

18. 8.6 Introduction to Acid−Base Reactions
Substance that dissociates OH-(aq)

19. 8.6 Introduction to Acid−Base Reactions
Acid-base neutralization
Acid + Base  a salt + water
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

20. 8.6 Introduction to Acid−Base Reactions
Determine the neutralization products of the reaction between chlorous acid and sodium hydroxide…
Balance full equation
Write full and net ionic equations