1. Rural Community Development
Part 01: Conceptual of Rural Development
Chapter 02
Concept of Rural Development
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2. Chapter Objectives Definition of development Definition of rural
What is rural development
Value of people’s participation
Sustainable rural development
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3. Definition of Development
Development is a complex issue, with many different and sometimes contentious definitions.
A basic perspective equates development with economic growth.
According UNDP: development is to lead long and healthy lives, to be knowledgeable, to have access to the resource needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate in the life of the community.
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4. Definition of Development (Cont’d)
Torado defines development “ is improvement on living thru income, productivity, education, nutrient, healthy, shelter, and other services”.
Mc Nicoll and Cain defines development is growth toward of social economy and increasing the people’ s well-being.
Robert Mc Narama defines development is providing need of people.
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5. Definition of Development (Cont’d)
So, definition of development is a process to increase ability of people and other organizations to manage sustainable environment, good condition living, and what are needed.
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6. Definition of Development (Cont’d)
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7. Definition of Rural Definition
Rural area is a geographic area that is located outside the cities and town.
Typical rural have a low population density and small settlement.
All people living at this area, they are farmers with their careers are based on agricultural sector includes rice farming and livestock.
All people living, have similar belief, and traditional custom.
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8. Definition of Rural (Cont’d)
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9. Definition of Rural (Cont’d)
Rural Population
Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
The value for Rural population in Cambodia was 10,914,730 as of Over the past 50 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 10,914,730 in 2010 and a minimum value of 4,873,676 in 1960.
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10. Rural Development Rural Development
Rural development generally refers to the process of improving the quality of life and economic wellbeing of people living in relatively isolated and sparsely populated areas.
Helping rural people set the priorities in their own communities through effective and democratic bodies, by providing the local capacity; investment in basic infrastructure and social services, justice, equity and security, dealing with the injustices of the past and ensuring safety and security of the rural population, especially that of women.
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11. Rural Development (Cont’d)
According to Robert chambers, rural development is a strategy to enable a specific group of people, poor rural women and men, to gain for themselves, and their children more of what they want and need. 
It involves helping the poorest among those who seek a livelihood in the rural areas to demand and control more of the benefits of rural development. 
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12. Rural Development (Cont’d)
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13. Rural Development (Cont’d)
Rural Community Working
Planning with people
Initiating what people know and building what people have
Training theories, practice and demos
Not copy but it is improving
Just provide aid but provide expertise
Training is key of capacity building
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14. Rural Development (Cont’d)
Rural Community Activities
Research and analysis of information
Participate for identifying priority needs
Identify strategies to solve community’s problems
Organize for each other caring and sharing
Organize community’s structure
Provide training course
Prepare plans
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15. Rural Development (Cont’d)
Rural Community Activities
Implementation of plans
Monitoring and evaluation
Re-preparation of plans
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16. Value of People’s Participation
Mr. Devid Kroten wrote in 1990 that the producing project or activities by government or organizations without the participation of people, projects or activities will be failure.
Socialist said that to avoid of failure of projects or activities, we must consider the participation of people.
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17. Value of People’s Participation (Cont’d)
Mr. Paul in 1997 defined that the participation of people are vital process influenced to development’s goal or objectives by beneficiaries.
Mr. Paul added that participation:
Providing empowerment of participants
Increasing capacity of participants
Increasing the effective project or program
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18. Value of People’s Participation (Cont’d)
Cohen and UPOFF in 1997 described on participation:
In making decision, identifying problems, planning and producing strategies.
Implementing project or program
In social-economics, politics, and culture
In evaluation of project implementation and results.
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19. Sustainable Rural Development
Improving the quality of life for the rural poor by developing capacities that promote community participation, health and education, food security, environmental protection and sustainable economic growth, thereby enabling community members to leave the cycle of poverty and achieve their full potential
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20. Sustainable Rural Development (Cont’d)
Sustainability must be defined in a multi-disciplinary context.
The definition should include not only the sustainability of the biosphere but also the viability of the economic, social, cultural, and political systems of the human population.
Rural development can be only sustainable if it does not seriously harm the environment.
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21. Sustainable Rural Development (Cont’d)
Six dimensions of rural development:
Human Development
Natural Resources & Environment
Economic Growth
Infrastructure
Science & Technology
Policy & Administration
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