1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS What is the purpose of photosynthesis? To make:
GLUCOSE (food)
Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen

2. What make their own food? AUTOTROPHS (PRODUCERS)
Example: Plants

3. What have to obtain their food? HETEROTROPHS (CONSUMERS)
Examples: Mushrooms, cows, bacteria, humans, fish, birds

4. At the bond between 2nd & 3rd Phosphates
How is energy released from ATP? Phosphate Bond Breaks
Where is the bond broken to release energy:
At the bond between 2nd & 3rd Phosphates

5. ATP contains energy like a battery
ADP + P (Uncharged Battery) ATP (Charged Battery)

6. Absorbed light is useable light!
Why is green light not good for photosynthesis?
Green is not absorbed
It is reflected by the green chlorophyll (pigment/protein)
Absorbed light is useable light!

7. What are pigments?
Pigments are proteins!
What do pigments do?
Pigments absorb light!

8. What makes plants green? CHLOROPHYLL (Pigment)

9. What 3 things do I need to make my flower grow which are the same 3 things (reactants) needed for photosynthesis?
Sunlight
H₂O
CO₂

10. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
REACTANTS → PRODUCTS

11. CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Van Helmont
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Van Helmont’s experiment concluded that the plant must have gotten its additional mass from H2O since that was all that the plant received.

12. Priestly CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O₂
(Think: Priests put candles in churches)
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O₂
Priestly found the plant released OXYGEN from his experiment keeping mouse and flame alive.

13. Ingenhouz (Think: “Lighthouse”) CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Ingenhouz repeated Priestly’s experiment but tried it with and without sunlight to see if that was necessary. He found sunlight was an important part of photosynthesis.

14. CO₂
GLUCOSE
Calvin
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Calvin came up with the Calvin Cycle and showed how plants take ATP and NADPH to change CO2 →C2H12O6 (glucose)

16. SUNLIGHT

17. H₂O
SUNLIGHT

18. H₂O
SUNLIGHT
Thylakoids

19. H₂O
SUNLIGHT
Thylakoids
O₂ (waste product)

20. H₂O
SUNLIGHT
Thylakoids
ATP
O₂ (waste product)

21. H₂O
SUNLIGHT
Thylakoids
ATP
NADPH
O₂ (waste product)

22. H₂O
CO₂
SUNLIGHT
Thylakoids
ATP
NADPH
O₂ (waste product)

23. H₂O
CO₂
SUNLIGHT
Thylakoids
Calvin Cycle
ATP
NADPH
O₂ (waste product)

24. H₂O CO₂ O₂ (waste product) C₆ H₁₂ O₂ (glucose) Calvin Cycle SUNLIGHT
Thylakoids
ATP
NADPH
O₂ (waste product)
C₆ H₁₂ O₂ (glucose)

25. Power Calvin Cycle POWER
Same Name
POWER
Light Dependent Reaction
Light Independent Reaction

26. Glucose Electron Transport Chain Light blows up H₂O into
H⁺ and е⁻ to help make NADPH & ATP:
energy that fuels the Calvin Cycle
Glucose

27. Where does the Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) take place?
Stroma
CO₂
12 PGA
RuBP
10 PGAL
12 PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE