1. A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e
SOCIOLOGY
A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e
James M. Henslin
Chapter Four:
Social Structure and
Social Interaction
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2. Levels of Sociological Analysis
Macrosociology
Large-Scale Features of Social Life
Microsociology
Focus on Social Interaction
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4. The Macrosociological Perspective
Sociological Significance of Social Structure
Guides Our Behavior
Behavior Decided by Location in Social Structure
Culture
Social Class
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5. The Macrosociological Perspective
Social Class Divides People by…
Income
Education
Occupational Prestige
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6. The Macrosociological Perspective
Social Status
Ascribed
Achieved
Status Symbols
Master Statuses
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7. The Macrosociological Perspective
Roles
Groups
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8. Social Institutions Sociological Significance of Social Institutions
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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9. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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10. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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11. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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12. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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13. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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14. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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15. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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16. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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17. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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18. Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies
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19. Social Institutions Mass Media as an Emerging Social Institution
Comparing Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives
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20. Functionalist Perspective
Replacing Members
Socializing New Members
Producing and Distributing Goods and Services
Preserving Order
Providing a Sense of Purpose
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21. Conflict Perspective Powerful Groups Control Institutions
Small Groups Garner Lion’s Share of Wealth
Social Institutions Affect Gender Relations
Main Purpose is to Preserve Social Order
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22. Changes in Social Order
What Holds Society Together?
Mechanical (shared life) and Organic Solidarity (shared need)
Gemeinschaft (intimate community) and Gesellschaft (impersonal association)
How Relevant Today?
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23. Microsociological Perspective:
Social Interaction in Everyday Life
Examine Face-to-Face Interactions
Symbolic Interaction
Symbols People Use
How People Look at Things
How it Affects Behavior and Orientations to Life
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24. Microsociological Perspective:
Social Interaction in Everyday Life
Stereotypes
Assumptions About What People Are Like
Classify Others By Visible Characteristics
Ideas About Characteristics Guide Our Behavior
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25. Microsociological Perspective:
Social Interaction in Everyday Life
Personal Space
Intimate Distance
Personal Distance
Social Distance
Public Distance
Touching
Eye Contact
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27. Dramaturgy: Erving Goffman Dramaturgy Impression Management
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
Erving Goffman
Dramaturgy
Impression Management
Front and Back Stages
Role Performance
Role Strain Between and Within Roles
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29. Dramaturgy: Roles We Become the Roles we Play Sign-Vehicles
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
Roles
We Become the Roles we Play
Sign-Vehicles
Social Setting
Appearance
Manner
Face Saving Behavior
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30. Ethnomethodology: The Study of How People Do Things
Uncovering Background Assumptions
The Study of How People Do Things
Harold Garfinkle’s Experiments
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31. Social Construction of Reality
Definition of the Situation - Thomas Theorem
Objective Reality vs. Subjective Interpretation
Gynecological Examinations
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32. Need for Macrosociology and Microsociology
Understanding Incomplete Without Both
Consider the Example of Groups Studied by William Chambliss
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