1. Teddy, Taft, and Wilson Foreign Policy Before World War I

2. “Big Stick Diplomacy”
Teddy believed in the using US power in the world- “speak softly but carry a big stick.”
Supported imperialism and building US up as a world power
A difference between civilized and uncivilized nations in the world- necessary for civilized to intervene in uncivilized to keep order

3. Russia and Japan
Japan attacks a Russian fleet in trying to take control of Manchuria
Teddy Roosevelt helps mediate dispute and makes secret agreement with Japan to allow US to continue trading freely in China (protects open door)
Teddy wins Nobel Peace Prize for ending Russo-Japanese War
Teddy sends out Great White Fleet (16 ships) on world tour to show US power (especially to Japan)

4. The Roosevelt Corollary
Monroe Doctrine- Europe: Stay out of the Western Hemisphere
Roosevelt Corollary added that the United States had the right to intervene in order to maintain order and protect their national sovereignty
Roosevelt intervenes in Dominican Republic (used also to justify Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua)
Cuba- Platt Amendment gives US rights to control Cuba’s foreign policy

5. Big Stick Map

6. The Panama Canal
Roosevelt wanted to build the canal in Colombia at the Isthmus of Panama
John Hay negotiates US perpetual rights to canal zone, Columbia comes back and wants more money
Teddy is mad and orchestrated a Panamanian revolt (lands marines), Panama gets independence andc then agrees to give us control of canal zone

7. The Panama Canal Connected Atlantic to Pacific Ocean
Construction began in 1904 and canal opened in 1914
5,609 died building canal
1921- we paid Colombia $25 million, Gave control of canal to Panama in 1999.

8. William Howard Taft- “Dollar Diplomacy”
Taft did not have a big stick- used investments instead of military
Secretary of State Philander Know pushed American economic influence
Dollar diplomacy- promoted US trade by encouraging investments in less developed regions
Intervention in Nicaragua- supported a revolt, sent troops, seized customs houses, gave loans

9. Woodrow Wilson- Big Stick continued?
Wilson sent troops to Haiti in 1915, Dominican Republic in 1916, and bought the Virgin Islands from Denmark
Wilson order the seizure of Vera Cruz (19 casualities) from Mexico after Tampico incident
Pancho Villa murdered Americans and Wilson had Pershing try to capture him

10. Wilson- Moral Diplomacy
Wilson attempted to bring morality to past US foreign policy
Granted rights to Filipinos and promised independence
Gave citizenship to people of Puerto Rico
Got rid of US exemption on Panama Canal
Conciliation Treaties with William Jennings Bryan (SOS)- nations agreed to mediation
Wilson was an idealist- 14 points and League of Nations are a perfect example